// 「Bot 的電腦」: AnyBot's own Linux computer that every bot shares, like Grok Bot's cloud "box".
//
// What the original does (Grok Bot 0.78.1, main-app.cjs dev-box control plane + local-exec-daemon):
// - The box is a container with an X11 desktop driven by xdotool (ComputerUseDriver XDOTOOL /
//   NATIVE_X11), its size read with xrandr, watched through noVNC websockify on port 6080
//   (`Ap.primaryNovncWebsockify:6080`).
// - Run states: ABSENT → 「建立中」, HIBERNATED → 「喚醒中」, STARTING → 「連線中」, RUNNING.
// - Health: GET /health with a 3 s timeout (QQn=3e3) that also says whether it's busy.
// - Store flush before a rebuild: POST /api/snapshotBoxStoreNow, 30 s (VQn=3e4).
// - Three rebuilds, one at a time (`isRecreateInFlight`):
//     update  (keep data, refused while busy): backing-up → creating → moving
//     reset   (wipe):                          cleaning-up → wiping → creating
//     restore (force, from the durable store): cleaning-up → creating, then wait up to 90 s
//             (zQn=9e4) polling every 2 s (HQn=2e3) for the copy-in to say "hydrated"
// - recreate-resume.json replays a rebuild cut short by a restart if it is under 10 minutes old
//   ($Qn=10*6e4) and the box isn't healthy.
// Here the box is a local Docker container (or one on another Docker host, `ssh://me@server`),
// the durable store is a snapshot of the bot's home folder kept on this Mac, and xdotool runs
// through `docker exec`.

use base64::Engine;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use serde_json::Value;
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock};
use std::time::{Duration, Instant, SystemTime};

/// The box's usual name. Two AnyBots on one Docker host (a server's brain and a desktop AnyBot
/// left on the same machine) each took "anybot-box" for their own, and the desktop one kept
/// pausing the brain's box as "idle". ANYBOT_BOX_NAME gives an AnyBot a box of its own name.
pub const CONTAINER: &str = "anybot-box";

/// This AnyBot's box (ANYBOT_BOX_NAME, else "anybot-box").
pub fn container() -> &'static str {
    static C: OnceLock<String> = OnceLock::new();
    C.get_or_init(|| {
        std::env::var("ANYBOT_BOX_NAME")
            .ok()
            .map(|n| n.trim().to_string())
            .filter(|n| !n.is_empty() && n.len() <= 60 && n.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || c == '-' || c == '_'))
            .unwrap_or_else(|| CONTAINER.to_string())
    })
}

/// A box of its own name takes over the usual one this AnyBot used before (same files: the
/// home folder is a volume, kept by name; a rename doesn't stop it).
fn adopt_usual_box() {
    let me = container();
    if me == CONTAINER || dk(&["inspect", "-f", "{{.Id}}", me]).is_ok() {
        return;
    }
    if dk(&["inspect", "-f", "{{.Id}}", CONTAINER]).is_ok() && dk(&["rename", CONTAINER, me]).is_ok() {
        log(&format!("Bot 的電腦改用自己的名字 {me}（原本叫 {CONTAINER}）。"));
    }
}
pub const IMAGE: &str = "anybot-box:1";
/// The bot's files live here and survive an update (the original's mounted sand-data tree).
pub const VOLUME: &str = "anybot-box-home";
pub const HOME: &str = "/home/bot";
pub const DISPLAY: &str = ":1";
/// noVNC inside the box (Ap.primaryNovncWebsockify).
pub const NOVNC_PORT: u16 = 6080;
/// Where noVNC is published on this Mac (estimated; any free port works).
pub const HOST_PORT: u16 = 16080;
/// Desktop size (estimated; the original reads it with xrandr).
pub const SCREEN: &str = "1280x800x24";
/// Health probe timeout (QQn).
pub const HEALTH_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 3_000;
/// Saving a snapshot ("flush the durable store"). The original waits 30 s (VQn); a home folder of
/// a GB with an open browser takes minutes to pack, and a cut-off snapshot is no snapshot.
pub const SNAPSHOT_SAVE_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 600_000;
/// Restore copy-in: longest wait and poll interval (zQn, HQn).
pub const COPY_IN_WAIT_MS: u64 = 90_000;
pub const COPY_IN_POLL_MS: u64 = 2_000;
/// A rebuild marker older than this is cleared instead of replayed ($Qn).
pub const RESUME_FRESH_MS: u64 = 600_000;
/// Boot: longest wait for the desktop to come up (estimated).
pub const BOOT_WAIT_MS: u64 = 60_000;
/// Quiet time before the daily snapshot is taken (nobody using the box for this long).
pub const QUIET_SECS: u64 = 900;
/// The box's files are saved to this computer about once a day (it no longer sleeps, which is
/// when they used to be saved).
pub const SNAPSHOT_EVERY_SECS: i64 = 24 * 3600;
/// Secret names: an upper-case letter, then A–Z, 0–9, _ (original rule); size limits estimated.
pub const SECRET_MAX_VALUE_BYTES: usize = 32_768;
pub const SECRET_MAX_COUNT: usize = 100;
/// xdotool timing, matching the Mac helper where it applies (CUActuator).
const CLICK_REPEAT_MS: u64 = 80;
const TYPE_DELAY_MS: u64 = 12;

const DOCKERFILE: &str = include_str!("../box/Dockerfile");
const START_SH: &str = include_str!("../box/start.sh");
const FLUXBOX_INIT: &str = include_str!("../box/fluxbox-init");
const OVERLAY: &str = include_str!("../box/overlay");
const XRESOURCES: &str = include_str!("../box/Xresources");
const MENU: &str = include_str!("../box/menu");
const A11Y: &str = include_str!("../box/a11y");
const BROWSER: &str = include_str!("../box/browser");

// ---------- state ----------

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
pub enum Run {
    /// Docker isn't installed or isn't running.
    NoDocker(String),
    /// Not made yet (ABSENT).
    Absent,
    /// Asleep (HIBERNATED): paused or stopped.
    Asleep,
    /// Being made, woken or connected (the transient states).
    Starting(&'static str),
    Running,
    /// A rebuild is under way: (phase, detail).
    Rebuilding(String, String),
    Failed(String),
}

impl Run {
    pub fn label(&self) -> String {
        match self {
            Run::NoDocker(_) => "沒有 Docker".into(),
            Run::Absent => "尚未建立".into(),
            Run::Asleep => "休眠中".into(),
            Run::Starting(s) => (*s).into(),
            Run::Running => "執行中".into(),
            Run::Rebuilding(p, _) => phase_label(p).into(),
            Run::Failed(_) => "發生問題".into(),
        }
    }
    pub fn is_running(&self) -> bool {
        *self == Run::Running
    }
}

pub fn phase_label(p: &str) -> &'static str {
    match p {
        "backing-up" => "正在備份",
        "creating" => "正在建立",
        "moving" => "正在搬移資料",
        "cleaning-up" => "正在拆除舊電腦",
        "wiping" => "正在清除資料",
        "restoring" => "正在從快照還原",
        "done" => "完成",
        "failed" => "失敗",
        _ => "處理中",
    }
}

#[derive(Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
pub struct Config {
    /// Empty = this Mac's Docker; otherwise a Docker host such as `ssh://me@server`.
    #[serde(default)]
    pub docker_host: String,
    /// 排程更新: local "HH:MM" to update when a newer computer is available (None = off).
    #[serde(default)]
    pub auto_update_at: Option<String>,
    /// The day a scheduled update last ran (so it runs once).
    #[serde(default)]
    pub auto_update_done: String,
    /// 網路流量改走你的電腦 (new connections only).
    #[serde(default)]
    pub egress_via_mac: bool,
    /// VNC password for the desktop viewer (generated on first use; the published port is
    /// loopback-only, but the box's own programs can reach it, and they should need a key).
    #[serde(default)]
    pub vnc_password: String,
}

/// A scheduled update that was missed may still run for this long (the original: one hour).
pub const SCHEDULE_GRACE_MINUTES: i64 = 60;

struct Shared {
    run: Run,
    last_used: Instant,
    rebuilding: bool,
    log: Vec<String>,
    /// The desktop's size in pixels (the bot's pictures are this, fitted; see box_scale).
    size: Option<(u32, u32)>,
    tunnel: Option<std::process::Child>,
    host_port: u16,
}

fn shared() -> &'static Mutex<Shared> {
    static S: OnceLock<Mutex<Shared>> = OnceLock::new();
    S.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(Shared { run: Run::Absent, last_used: Instant::now(), rebuilding: false, log: vec![], size: None, tunnel: None, host_port: HOST_PORT }))
}

fn config() -> &'static Mutex<Config> {
    static C: OnceLock<Mutex<Config>> = OnceLock::new();
    C.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(load_config()))
}

/// The box's VNC password: made once, kept across restarts (the container is started with it,
/// the viewer opens with it). x11vnc ran with no password at all before — any program inside
/// the box (a page the bot opened, for instance) could watch and drive the desktop.
pub fn vnc_password() -> String {
    {
        let c = config().lock().unwrap();
        if !c.vnc_password.is_empty() {
            return c.vnc_password.clone();
        }
    }
    let pw = crate::httpd::random_hex(10);
    config().lock().unwrap().vnc_password.clone_from(&pw);
    save_config(&config().lock().unwrap());
    pw
}

/// The password the box's VNC server really has: the one it was made with (its VNC_PASSWORD), so a
/// viewer signs in even when this AnyBot's settings were made anew; else this AnyBot's own.
pub fn box_vnc_password() -> String {
    dk_timeout(&["exec", container(), "printenv", "VNC_PASSWORD"], 5_000)
        .ok()
        .map(|b| String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).trim().to_string())
        .filter(|p| !p.is_empty())
        .unwrap_or_else(vnc_password)
}

static BUSY: AtomicUsize = AtomicUsize::new(0);
/// The person took control in the viewer: the bot's screen actions wait.
pub static HELD_BY_PERSON: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

/// Marks the box as in use while alive (keeps it awake; an update waits for it).
pub struct Busy(bool);
impl Busy {
    pub fn new(on: bool) -> Self {
        if on {
            BUSY.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
            touch();
        }
        Busy(on)
    }
}
impl Drop for Busy {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if self.0 {
            BUSY.fetch_sub(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
            touch();
        }
    }
}

pub fn is_busy() -> bool {
    BUSY.load(Ordering::SeqCst) > 0
}

pub fn touch() {
    shared().lock().unwrap().last_used = Instant::now();
}

pub fn run_state() -> Run {
    shared().lock().unwrap().run.clone()
}

fn set_run(r: Run) {
    shared().lock().unwrap().run = r;
}

pub fn log_lines() -> Vec<String> {
    shared().lock().unwrap().log.clone()
}

fn log(line: &str) {
    let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
    s.log.push(format!("{} {line}", chrono::Local::now().format("%H:%M:%S")));
    let n = s.log.len();
    if n > 200 {
        s.log.drain(..n - 200);
    }
}

// ---------- files on this Mac ----------

fn data_dir() -> PathBuf {
    crate::model::State::path().parent().map(|p| p.to_path_buf()).unwrap_or_else(std::env::temp_dir).join("box")
}

fn config_path() -> PathBuf {
    data_dir().join("config.json")
}

fn load_config() -> Config {
    std::fs::read_to_string(config_path()).ok().and_then(|s| serde_json::from_str(&s).ok()).unwrap_or_default()
}

pub fn docker_host() -> String {
    config().lock().unwrap().docker_host.clone()
}

pub fn set_docker_host(h: &str) {
    let h = h.trim().to_string();
    let mut c = config().lock().unwrap();
    if c.docker_host == h {
        return;
    }
    c.docker_host = h;
    let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
    let _ = std::fs::write(config_path(), serde_json::to_string_pretty(&*c).unwrap_or_default());
    drop(c);
    if let Some(mut t) = shared().lock().unwrap().tunnel.take() {
        let _ = t.kill();
    }
    set_run(Run::Absent);
    refresh();
}

fn save_config(c: &Config) {
    let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
    let _ = std::fs::write(config_path(), serde_json::to_string_pretty(c).unwrap_or_default());
}

pub fn egress_via_mac() -> bool {
    config().lock().unwrap().egress_via_mac
}

/// Turn routing through this Mac on or off. Only this Mac's Docker can reach it.
pub fn set_egress_via_mac(on: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
    if on {
        if !docker_host().is_empty() {
            return Err("Bot 的電腦在別的主機上時，不能改走這台 Mac。".into());
        }
        crate::egress::start()?;
    }
    let mut c = config().lock().unwrap();
    c.egress_via_mac = on;
    save_config(&c);
    Ok(())
}

/// Proxy settings for new commands in the box when routing through this Mac.
fn egress_env() -> String {
    if !egress_via_mac() || !docker_host().is_empty() || !crate::policy::read_egress().allows() {
        return String::new();
    }
    match crate::egress::start() {
        Ok(port) => {
            let url = format!("http://host.docker.internal:{port}");
            ["HTTP_PROXY", "HTTPS_PROXY", "http_proxy", "https_proxy"].iter().map(|k| format!(" -e {k}={url}")).collect::<String>() + " -e NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1 -e no_proxy=localhost,127.0.0.1"
        }
        Err(_) => String::new(),
    }
}

pub fn auto_update_at() -> Option<String> {
    config().lock().unwrap().auto_update_at.clone()
}

pub fn set_auto_update_at(at: Option<String>) {
    let mut c = config().lock().unwrap();
    c.auto_update_at = at;
    save_config(&c);
}

/// The computer version baked into this AnyBot (the Dockerfile's label).
pub fn wanted_version() -> String {
    DOCKERFILE.lines().find_map(|l| l.trim().strip_prefix("LABEL anybot.box.version=")).map(|v| v.trim_matches('"').to_string()).unwrap_or_default()
}

/// The running computer is older than the one this AnyBot carries.
pub fn update_available() -> bool {
    match dk(&["inspect", "-f", "{{index .Config.Labels \"anybot.box.version\"}}", container()]) {
        Ok(v) => v.trim() != wanted_version(),
        Err(_) => false,
    }
}

/// Is `now` inside the window [at, at + grace)? (`at` is "HH:MM").
pub fn in_schedule_window(at: &str, now: chrono::NaiveTime) -> bool {
    let Ok(t) = chrono::NaiveTime::parse_from_str(at.trim(), "%H:%M") else { return false };
    let mins = (now - t).num_minutes().rem_euclid(24 * 60);
    mins < SCHEDULE_GRACE_MINUTES
}

fn maybe_scheduled_update() {
    let (at, done) = {
        let c = config().lock().unwrap();
        (c.auto_update_at.clone(), c.auto_update_done.clone())
    };
    let Some(at) = at else { return };
    let now = chrono::Local::now();
    let today = now.format("%Y-%m-%d").to_string();
    if done == today || !in_schedule_window(&at, now.time()) || is_busy() || !update_available() {
        return;
    }
    log(&format!("排程更新（{at}）開始。"));
    if rebuild(Rebuild::Update).is_ok() {
        let mut c = config().lock().unwrap();
        c.auto_update_done = today;
        save_config(&c);
    }
}

pub fn snapshot_path() -> PathBuf {
    data_dir().join("snapshot.tar.gz")
}

/// When the last snapshot was saved.
pub fn snapshot_time() -> Option<chrono::DateTime<chrono::Local>> {
    std::fs::metadata(snapshot_path()).ok()?.modified().ok().map(chrono::DateTime::<chrono::Local>::from)
}

fn resume_path() -> PathBuf {
    data_dir().join("recreate-resume.json")
}

/// Where docker and ssh live when the app is started from Finder (no shell PATH).
pub fn tool_path() -> String {
    let base = std::env::var("PATH").unwrap_or_default();
    let mut parts: Vec<String> = base.split(':').filter(|s| !s.is_empty()).map(String::from).collect();
    let home = dirs::home_dir().map(|h| h.display().to_string()).unwrap_or_default();
    for extra in ["/usr/local/bin", "/opt/homebrew/bin", "/usr/bin", "/bin", "/usr/sbin", "/sbin", &format!("{home}/.orbstack/bin"), "/Applications/Docker.app/Contents/Resources/bin"] {
        if !parts.iter().any(|p| p == extra) {
            parts.push(extra.to_string());
        }
    }
    parts.join(":")
}

fn docker() -> Command {
    let mut c = Command::new("docker");
    c.env("PATH", tool_path());
    let host = docker_host();
    if !host.is_empty() {
        c.env("DOCKER_HOST", host);
    }
    c.stdin(Stdio::null());
    c
}

/// A program in the box with its stdin and stdout piped to this side (as the bot user).
pub fn exec_piped(args: &[&str]) -> Result<std::process::Child, String> {
    let mut a = vec!["exec", "-i", "-u", "bot", container()];
    a.extend_from_slice(args);
    docker().args(&a).stdin(Stdio::piped()).stdout(Stdio::piped()).stderr(Stdio::null()).spawn().map_err(|e| format!("找不到 docker：{e}"))
}

/// The `docker …` prefix for shell strings (used by the command tools).
fn docker_prefix() -> String {
    let host = docker_host();
    if host.is_empty() {
        "docker".into()
    } else {
        format!("DOCKER_HOST={} docker", crate::tools::sh_quote(&host))
    }
}

/// Run docker; Ok(stdout) or Err(stderr).
fn dk(args: &[&str]) -> Result<String, String> {
    // Never block forever on the daemon: a hung docker daemon used to pile up a new stuck
    // thread every 20 s from the refresh loop. (docker's own CLI has no default timeout.)
    let out = dk_timeout(args, 120_000)?;
    Ok(String::from_utf8_lossy(&out).trim().to_string())
}

fn dk_timeout(args: &[&str], ms: u64) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
    dk_with_input(args, None, ms)
}

/// Run docker with `input` on its stdin (if any): Ok(stdout) or Err(stderr), killed after `ms`
/// ("逾時"). Both pipes are drained while waiting, or a big screenshot fills a pipe and stalls
/// docker.
fn dk_with_input(args: &[&str], input: Option<&[u8]>, ms: u64) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
    use std::io::{Read, Write};
    let mut child = docker()
        .args(args)
        .stdin(if input.is_some() { Stdio::piped() } else { Stdio::null() })
        .stdout(Stdio::piped())
        .stderr(Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .map_err(|e| format!("找不到 docker：{e}"))?;
    if let (Some(b), Some(mut si)) = (input, child.stdin.take()) {
        si.write_all(b).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    }
    let mut so = child.stdout.take().ok_or("沒有輸出")?;
    let mut se = child.stderr.take().ok_or("沒有輸出")?;
    let out_t = std::thread::spawn(move || {
        let mut v = vec![];
        let _ = so.read_to_end(&mut v);
        v
    });
    let err_t = std::thread::spawn(move || {
        let mut v = vec![];
        let _ = se.read_to_end(&mut v);
        v
    });
    let start = Instant::now();
    let status = loop {
        if let Ok(Some(st)) = child.try_wait() {
            break st;
        }
        if start.elapsed() > Duration::from_millis(ms) {
            let _ = child.kill();
            let _ = child.wait();
            return Err("逾時".into());
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
    };
    let out = out_t.join().unwrap_or_default();
    let err = err_t.join().unwrap_or_default();
    if status.success() {
        Ok(out)
    } else {
        Err(String::from_utf8_lossy(&err).trim().to_string())
    }
}

// ---------- status ----------

/// Ask Docker what state the box is in (doesn't change anything).
pub fn probe() -> Run {
    if let Err(e) = dk(&["version", "--format", "{{.Server.Version}}"]) {
        return Run::NoDocker(if e.contains("找不到") && !cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
            "這台電腦沒有安裝 Docker。安裝 Docker Engine（Ubuntu / Debian：sudo apt install docker.io），再把自己加進 docker 群組（sudo usermod -aG docker $USER，然後重新登入），Bot 就會有自己的完整電腦。".into()
        } else if e.contains("找不到") {
            "這台 Mac 沒有安裝 Docker。安裝 OrbStack 或 Docker Desktop 後，Bot 就會有自己的完整電腦。".into()
        } else if e.contains("permission denied") && !cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
            "Docker 不讓 AnyBot 使用：請執行 sudo usermod -aG docker $USER，然後登出再登入。".into()
        } else {
            format!("Docker 沒有在執行：{}", e.lines().last().unwrap_or(""))
        });
    }
    match dk(&["inspect", "-f", "{{.State.Status}}", container()]) {
        Err(_) => Run::Absent,
        Ok(s) => match s.as_str() {
            "running" => {
                // The health probe (3 s, like the original's GET /health).
                if dk_timeout(&["exec", container(), "test", "-f", "/tmp/anybot-box.ready"], HEALTH_TIMEOUT_MS).is_ok() {
                    Run::Running
                } else {
                    Run::Starting("連線中")
                }
            }
            "paused" | "exited" | "created" => Run::Asleep,
            "restarting" => Run::Starting("連線中"),
            other => Run::Failed(format!("容器狀態：{other}")),
        },
    }
}

/// Refresh the shown state in the background (unless a rebuild or start owns it).
pub fn refresh() {
    std::thread::spawn(|| {
        let r = probe();
        let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
        if s.rebuilding || matches!(s.run, Run::Starting(_)) && !matches!(r, Run::Running) {
            return;
        }
        s.run = r;
    });
}

pub fn available() -> bool {
    !matches!(run_state(), Run::NoDocker(_))
}

// ---------- image ----------

/// The box image is here and is the version this AnyBot carries (an old one would make a new
/// box without the newer parts: the numbered controls, the browser launcher).
fn image_exists() -> bool {
    dk(&["image", "inspect", "-f", "{{index .Config.Labels \"anybot.box.version\"}}", IMAGE]).map(|v| v.trim() == wanted_version()).unwrap_or(false)
}

/// Build the box image from the files baked into AnyBot.
fn build_image(pull: bool) -> Result<(), String> {
    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("anybot-box-build-{}", std::process::id()));
    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    for (name, body) in [("Dockerfile", DOCKERFILE), ("start.sh", START_SH), ("fluxbox-init", FLUXBOX_INIT), ("overlay", OVERLAY), ("Xresources", XRESOURCES), ("menu", MENU), ("a11y", A11Y), ("browser", BROWSER)] {
        std::fs::write(dir.join(name), body).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    }
    log("正在建立電腦的映像檔（第一次要幾分鐘）…");
    let mut args = vec!["build", "-q", "-t", IMAGE];
    if pull {
        args.push("--pull");
    }
    let d = dir.display().to_string();
    args.push(&d);
    // Builds take minutes (a cold one more than dk's short timeout allows).
    let r = dk_timeout(&args, 20 * 60_000).map(|_| String::new());
    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&dir);
    r.map(|_| log("映像檔完成。")).map_err(|e| format!("建立映像檔失敗：{}", tail(&e, 600)))
}

fn tail(s: &str, n: usize) -> String {
    let c: Vec<char> = s.chars().collect();
    if c.len() <= n {
        s.to_string()
    } else {
        c[c.len() - n..].iter().collect()
    }
}

// ---------- lifecycle ----------

fn free_port(start: u16) -> u16 {
    if !docker_host().is_empty() {
        return start;
    }
    (start..start + 50).find(|p| std::net::TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", *p)).is_ok()).unwrap_or(start)
}

fn create_container() -> Result<(), String> {
    shared().lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).size = None;
    if !image_exists() {
        build_image(false)?;
    }
    let port = free_port(HOST_PORT);
    let publish = format!("127.0.0.1:{port}:{NOVNC_PORT}");
    let vol = format!("{VOLUME}:{HOME}");
    let env = format!("SCREEN_SIZE={SCREEN}");
    let vnc = format!("VNC_PASSWORD={}", vnc_password());
    log("正在開一台新的電腦…");
    // host.docker.internal → this Mac (for 網路流量改走你的電腦; Docker Desktop and OrbStack already have it).
    dk(&["run", "-d", "--name", container(), "--hostname", "bot-computer", "--shm-size", "1g", "--pids-limit", "4096", "--memory", "2g", "--cpus", "2", "--add-host", "host.docker.internal:host-gateway", "-p", &publish, "-v", &vol, "-e", &env, "-e", &vnc, "--label", "anybot.box=1", IMAGE]).map_err(|e| format!("開不了電腦：{}", tail(&e, 400)))?;
    Ok(())
}

fn wait_ready(ms: u64) -> Result<(), String> {
    let start = Instant::now();
    while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(ms) {
        if dk(&["exec", container(), "test", "-f", "/tmp/anybot-box.ready"]).is_ok() {
            return Ok(());
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(250));
    }
    Err("電腦開機逾時".into())
}

// ---------- the box's own browser ----------
// Browser steps on Bot 的電腦 drive the Chromium on its desktop (the person can watch it in the
// box's window). Its DevTools port stays inside the box; a local port reaches it through
// `docker exec` (no published port, so it also works with a Docker host elsewhere).

const BOX_CDP_PORT: u16 = 9222;

fn box_cdp_alive(local: u16) -> bool {
    crate::botbrowser::local().get(&format!("http://127.0.0.1:{local}/json/version")).call().map(|r| r.status().as_u16() == 200).unwrap_or(false)
}

/// A local port that reaches the box's DevTools port.
fn box_cdp_forward() -> Result<u16, String> {
    static PORT: Mutex<u16> = Mutex::new(0);
    let mut p = PORT.lock().unwrap();
    if *p != 0 {
        return Ok(*p);
    }
    let l = std::net::TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:0").map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let port = l.local_addr().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?.port();
    std::thread::spawn(move || {
        for conn in l.incoming().flatten() {
            std::thread::spawn(move || {
                let script = format!("exec 3<>/dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/{BOX_CDP_PORT} || exit 1; cat <&3 & cat >&3; kill $! 2>/dev/null");
                let Ok(mut child) = docker().args(["exec", "-i", container(), "bash", "-c", &script]).stdin(Stdio::piped()).stdout(Stdio::piped()).stderr(Stdio::null()).spawn() else { return };
                let (Some(mut cin), Some(mut cout)) = (child.stdin.take(), child.stdout.take()) else { return };
                let (Ok(mut r), Ok(mut w)) = (conn.try_clone(), conn.try_clone()) else { return };
                let up = std::thread::spawn(move || {
                    let _ = std::io::copy(&mut r, &mut cin);
                });
                let _ = std::io::copy(&mut cout, &mut w);
                let _ = conn.shutdown(std::net::Shutdown::Both);
                let _ = child.kill();
                let _ = up.join();
                let _ = child.wait();
            });
        }
    });
    *p = port;
    Ok(port)
}

/// Is the box's Chromium answering already?
pub fn browser_running() -> bool {
    box_cdp_forward().map(box_cdp_alive).unwrap_or(false)
}

/// The box's Chromium, started on its desktop when it isn't running. Gives the local port.
pub fn browser_port() -> Result<u16, String> {
    ensure_running()?;
    touch();
    let port = box_cdp_forward()?;
    if box_cdp_alive(port) {
        return Ok(port);
    }
    // The box's one browser launcher (same profile and port as the person's menu entry, web
    // pages exposed to accessibility).
    dk_timeout(&["exec", "-u", "bot", container(), "anybot-browser"], 30_000).map_err(|e| format!("Bot 的電腦打不開瀏覽器：{e}"))?;
    let start = Instant::now();
    while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(20) {
        if box_cdp_alive(port) {
            return Ok(port);
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(300));
    }
    Err("這台電腦的瀏覽器沒有及時打開，請再試一次。".into())
}

static START_LOCK: Mutex<()> = Mutex::new(());

/// Make sure the box is up, waking or creating it as needed. Blocks until it's ready.
pub fn ensure_running() -> Result<(), String> {
    let _g = START_LOCK.lock().unwrap();
    if shared().lock().unwrap().rebuilding {
        return Err("Bot 的電腦正在更新，請等它完成再試。".into());
    }
    touch();
    let r = probe();
    let result = match r {
        Run::Running => Ok(()),
        Run::NoDocker(e) => Err(e),
        Run::Absent => {
            set_run(Run::Starting("建立中"));
            create_container().and_then(|_| wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS))
        }
        Run::Asleep => {
            set_run(Run::Starting("喚醒中"));
            log("喚醒電腦…");
            let st = dk(&["inspect", "-f", "{{.State.Status}}", container()]).unwrap_or_default();
            let woke = if st == "paused" { dk(&["unpause", container()]) } else { dk(&["start", container()]) };
            woke.map_err(|e| format!("叫不醒電腦：{e}")).and_then(|_| wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS))
        }
        Run::Starting(_) => {
            set_run(Run::Starting("連線中"));
            wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS)
        }
        Run::Rebuilding(..) => Err("Bot 的電腦正在更新，請等它完成再試。".into()),
        Run::Failed(e) => {
            // A broken container: start it again.
            log(&format!("電腦狀態異常（{e}），重新啟動…"));
            set_run(Run::Starting("連線中"));
            dk(&["restart", container()]).map_err(|e| e.to_string()).and_then(|_| wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS))
        }
    };
    match &result {
        Ok(()) => {
            set_run(Run::Running);
            let _ = dk(&["exec", container(), "sh", "-c", &format!("mkdir -p {HOME} && chown bot:bot {HOME}")]);
        }
        Err(e) => {
            log(e);
            set_run(match probe() {
                Run::NoDocker(x) => Run::NoDocker(x),
                _ => Run::Failed(e.clone()),
            });
        }
    }
    touch();
    result
}

/// Started once: keeps the box awake (wakes it when it was asleep), saves its files once a day,
/// and replays a rebuild cut short by a restart. The person asked for the bots' computer to be
/// always there: an idle box used to be paused after 15 minutes, and the person — and a bot
/// working from a brain far away — kept finding it "asleep".
pub fn start_background() {
    static STARTED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
    if STARTED.swap(true, Ordering::SeqCst) {
        return;
    }
    std::thread::spawn(|| {
        adopt_usual_box();
        set_run(probe());
        resume_interrupted();
        loop {
            // (First wait a little: a computer showing another brain says so right after start.)
            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(20));
            let (idle, rebuilding) = {
                let s = shared().lock().unwrap();
                (s.last_used.elapsed().as_secs(), s.rebuilding)
            };
            if !rebuilding {
                if IS_BRAIN.load(Ordering::SeqCst) && matches!(probe(), Run::Asleep) {
                    log("Bot 的電腦不休眠：叫醒它。");
                    let _ = ensure_running();
                }
                let quiet = idle >= QUIET_SECS && !is_busy() && !HELD_BY_PERSON.load(Ordering::SeqCst) && !viewer_open();
                let due = snapshot_time().map(|t| (chrono::Local::now() - t).num_seconds() >= SNAPSHOT_EVERY_SECS).unwrap_or(true);
                if quiet && due && run_state().is_running() {
                    let _ = save_snapshot();
                }
                refresh();
                maybe_scheduled_update();
                update_when_idle(idle);
            }
        }
    });
}

/// The brain's box is older than this AnyBot (it lacks parts the bots now use: the numbered
/// controls, the browser launcher): update it by itself once nobody has used it for a minute,
/// once per version. Files and logins stay (they live in the home volume).
fn update_when_idle(idle_secs: u64) {
    static TRIED: Mutex<String> = Mutex::new(String::new());
    if !IS_BRAIN.load(Ordering::SeqCst) || idle_secs < 60 || is_busy() || HELD_BY_PERSON.load(Ordering::SeqCst) || viewer_open() || !update_available() {
        return;
    }
    let want = wanted_version();
    {
        let mut t = TRIED.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
        if *t == want {
            return;
        }
        *t = want.clone();
    }
    log(&format!("Bot 的電腦是舊版，自動更新到第 {want} 版（檔案和登入都會保留）。"));
    if let Err(e) = rebuild(Rebuild::Update) {
        log(&format!("自動更新沒有成功：{e}"));
    }
}

/// This AnyBot is the brain (its box is the bots' computer). A computer showing another brain
/// doesn't use its own box, so it isn't kept awake there.
static IS_BRAIN: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(true);
pub fn set_brain(on: bool) {
    IS_BRAIN.store(on, Ordering::SeqCst);
}

static VIEWER_OPEN: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
pub fn set_viewer_open(on: bool) {
    VIEWER_OPEN.store(on, Ordering::SeqCst);
    if on {
        touch();
    }
}
fn viewer_open() -> bool {
    VIEWER_OPEN.load(Ordering::SeqCst)
}


// ---------- snapshots (the durable store) ----------

/// Save the bot's home folder to this Mac. Returns its size in bytes.
pub fn save_snapshot() -> Result<u64, String> {
    let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
    let tmp = data_dir().join("snapshot.tmp");
    let file = std::fs::File::create(&tmp).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let mut child = docker()
        // Caches are left out: the browser's grow to hundreds of MB and come back by themselves.
        .args([
            "exec", container(), "tar", "-C", HOME, "--exclude=./.cache", "--exclude=Cache", "--exclude=Code Cache", "--exclude=GPUCache", "--exclude=CacheStorage", "--exclude=ScriptCache", "--exclude=Crashpad",
            "--warning=no-file-changed", "-czf", "-", ".",
        ])
        .stdout(Stdio::from(file))
        .stderr(Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    // Drain stderr: tar's file-changed warnings pile up fast, and a full 64 KB pipe stalls
    // tar (and the snapshot) until the kill timer fires.
    let mut se = child.stderr.take().ok_or("沒有輸出")?;
    let err_t = std::thread::spawn(move || {
        use std::io::Read;
        let mut v = vec![];
        let _ = se.read_to_end(&mut v);
        v
    });
    let start = Instant::now();
    let ok = loop {
        // tar says 1 when a file changed while it was read (the open browser writes all the
        // time): the archive is still whole. Only 2 and up are failures.
        if let Ok(Some(st)) = child.try_wait() {
            break st.code().map(|c| c <= 1).unwrap_or(false);
        }
        if start.elapsed() > Duration::from_millis(SNAPSHOT_SAVE_TIMEOUT_MS) {
            let _ = child.kill();
            break false;
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50));
    };
    let _ = err_t.join();
    if !ok {
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&tmp);
        return Err("快照沒有存成功".into());
    }
    std::fs::rename(&tmp, snapshot_path()).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let n = std::fs::metadata(snapshot_path()).map(|m| m.len()).unwrap_or(0);
    log(&format!("已儲存快照（{}）。", human(n)));
    Ok(n)
}

fn copy_in_snapshot() -> Result<(), String> {
    use std::io::Write;
    let data = std::fs::read(snapshot_path()).map_err(|_| "還沒有快照可以還原".to_string())?;
    let mut child = docker()
        .args(["exec", "-i", container(), "sh", "-c", &format!("tar -C {HOME} -xzf - && chown -R bot:bot {HOME} && echo '[box-copy-in] result outcome=hydrated' >> /tmp/anybot-copy-in.log")])
        .stdin(Stdio::piped())
        .stdout(Stdio::null())
        .stderr(Stdio::piped())
        .spawn()
        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    child.stdin.take().ok_or("寫不進電腦")?.write_all(&data).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let out = child.wait_with_output().map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    if !out.status.success() {
        return Err(format!("還原失敗：{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&out.stderr).trim()));
    }
    // Like readCopyInOutcome: wait for the copy-in to report "hydrated".
    let start = Instant::now();
    while start.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(COPY_IN_WAIT_MS) {
        if let Ok(s) = dk(&["exec", container(), "sh", "-c", "cat /tmp/anybot-copy-in.log 2>/dev/null || true"]) {
            if s.contains("outcome=hydrated") {
                return Ok(());
            }
        }
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(COPY_IN_POLL_MS));
    }
    Err("還原沒有完成：copy-in outcome=unknown".into())
}

fn home_has_files() -> bool {
    dk(&["exec", container(), "sh", "-c", &format!("ls -A {HOME} | head -1")]).map(|s| !s.trim().is_empty()).unwrap_or(false)
}

pub fn human(b: u64) -> String {
    match b {
        b if b >= 1 << 30 => format!("{:.1} GB", b as f64 / (1u64 << 30) as f64),
        b if b >= 1 << 20 => format!("{:.1} MB", b as f64 / (1u64 << 20) as f64),
        b if b >= 1 << 10 => format!("{:.0} KB", b as f64 / 1024.0),
        b => format!("{b} B"),
    }
}

// ---------- rebuilds ----------

#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
pub enum Rebuild {
    /// 重建電腦: keep files and logins, remove installed apps and packages.
    Update,
    /// 重設: a brand-new computer, nothing kept.
    Reset,
    /// 復原: start again from the last saved snapshot.
    Restore,
}

impl Rebuild {
    pub fn title(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Rebuild::Update => "重建電腦",
            Rebuild::Reset => "重設電腦",
            Rebuild::Restore => "從快照復原",
        }
    }
    /// The original's confirmation wording.
    pub fn warning(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
            Rebuild::Update => "你的檔案和登入資訊會保留，但已安裝的應用程式和套件會被移除。所有 Bot 會一起更新。正在工作的 Bot 會先停下來，聊天會保留。",
            Rebuild::Reset => "重新建立電腦並重新連線。電腦裡的所有檔案、登入資訊和已安裝的應用程式都會被清除（你的 Bot 和聊天不受影響）。",
            Rebuild::Restore => "從你上次儲存的快照重新啟動它。最近的變更可能會遺失，已安裝的 App 會被移除。你的 Bot、檔案和登入資訊都是安全的。",
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct ResumeMarker {
    #[serde(rename = "resumeKind")]
    kind: Rebuild,
    #[serde(rename = "writtenAtMs")]
    written_at_ms: u64,
}

fn now_ms() -> u64 {
    SystemTime::now().duration_since(SystemTime::UNIX_EPOCH).map(|d| d.as_millis() as u64).unwrap_or(0)
}

/// Start a rebuild in the background. Err = refused (already running, busy, no snapshot…).
pub fn rebuild(kind: Rebuild) -> Result<(), String> {
    {
        let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
        if s.rebuilding {
            return Err("已經有一個更新在進行中。".into());
        }
        if kind == Rebuild::Update && BUSY.load(Ordering::SeqCst) > 0 {
            return Err("有 Bot 正在用這台電腦，等它做完再重建（或先停止它）。".into());
        }
        if kind == Rebuild::Restore && !snapshot_path().exists() {
            return Err("還沒有儲存過快照，沒有東西可以還原。".into());
        }
        s.rebuilding = true;
    }
    std::thread::spawn(move || {
        let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
        let _ = std::fs::write(resume_path(), serde_json::to_string(&ResumeMarker { kind, written_at_ms: now_ms() }).unwrap_or_default());
        let phase = |p: &str, d: &str| {
            log(&format!("{}：{d}", phase_label(p)));
            shared().lock().unwrap().run = Run::Rebuilding(p.into(), d.into());
        };
        let r = run_rebuild(kind, &phase);
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(resume_path());
        match r {
            Ok(()) => {
                log(&format!("{}完成。", kind.title()));
                let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
                s.rebuilding = false;
                s.run = Run::Running;
                s.last_used = Instant::now();
            }
            Err(e) => {
                log(&format!("{}失敗：{e}", kind.title()));
                let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
                s.rebuilding = false;
                s.run = Run::Failed(e);
            }
        }
    });
    Ok(())
}

fn run_rebuild(kind: Rebuild, phase: &dyn Fn(&str, &str)) -> Result<(), String> {
    match kind {
        Rebuild::Update => {
            let had = matches!(probe(), Run::Running);
            phase("backing-up", "儲存一份快照");
            if had {
                if let Err(e) = save_snapshot() {
                    log(&format!("快照沒有存成功（{e}），改以掛載的資料為準。"));
                }
            }
            let had_files = had && home_has_files();
            phase("creating", "更新電腦的映像檔");
            build_image(true)?;
            phase("creating", "換上一台新的電腦");
            let _ = dk(&["rm", "-f", container()]);
            create_container()?;
            wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS)?;
            phase("moving", "確認保留的檔案和新電腦的連線");
            if had_files && !home_has_files() {
                return Err("重建後找不到原本的檔案".into());
            }
            Ok(())
        }
        Rebuild::Reset => {
            phase("cleaning-up", "拆掉舊的電腦");
            let _ = dk(&["rm", "-f", container()]);
            phase("wiping", "清除電腦裡的資料");
            let _ = dk(&["volume", "rm", "-f", VOLUME]);
            phase("creating", "開一台全新的電腦");
            if !image_exists() {
                build_image(false)?;
            }
            create_container()?;
            wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS)
        }
        Rebuild::Restore => {
            phase("cleaning-up", "拆掉舊的電腦和它的資料");
            let _ = dk(&["rm", "-f", container()]);
            let _ = dk(&["volume", "rm", "-f", VOLUME]);
            phase("creating", "從快照開一台新的電腦");
            if !image_exists() {
                build_image(false)?;
            }
            create_container()?;
            wait_ready(BOOT_WAIT_MS)?;
            phase("restoring", "把快照裡的檔案放回去");
            copy_in_snapshot()
        }
    }
}

/// resumeInterruptedRecreate: replay a fresh marker when the box isn't healthy.
fn resume_interrupted() {
    let Some(m) = std::fs::read_to_string(resume_path()).ok().and_then(|s| serde_json::from_str::<ResumeMarker>(&s).ok()) else { return };
    if now_ms().saturating_sub(m.written_at_ms) >= RESUME_FRESH_MS {
        log("清掉一個太舊的未完成更新紀錄（超過十分鐘）。");
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(resume_path());
        return;
    }
    if matches!(probe(), Run::Running) {
        log("上次的更新被中斷，但電腦目前正常，所以沒有重做。需要的話請再執行一次。");
        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(resume_path());
        return;
    }
    log(&format!("接續上次被中斷的「{}」。", m.kind.title()));
    let _ = rebuild(m.kind);
}

// ---------- disk ----------

/// Disk use in the box, for the settings page and the clean-up request.
pub fn disk_report() -> Result<String, String> {
    ensure_running()?;
    dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", container(), "sh", "-c", &format!("df -h {HOME} | tail -1; echo; du -sh {HOME}/* {HOME}/.cache 2>/dev/null | sort -rh | head -8")])
}

// ---------- secrets (write-only) ----------

fn secrets_path() -> PathBuf {
    data_dir().join("secrets.json")
}

fn env_file_path() -> PathBuf {
    data_dir().join("secrets.env")
}

fn read_secrets() -> std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String> {
    std::fs::read_to_string(secrets_path()).ok().and_then(|s| serde_json::from_str(&s).ok()).unwrap_or_default()
}

fn write_secrets(m: &std::collections::BTreeMap<String, String>) -> Result<(), String> {
    let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
    let write = |p: PathBuf, body: String| -> Result<(), String> {
        std::fs::write(&p, body).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
        #[cfg(unix)]
        {
            use std::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
            let _ = std::fs::set_permissions(&p, std::fs::Permissions::from_mode(0o600));
        }
        Ok(())
    };
    write(secrets_path(), serde_json::to_string(m).unwrap_or_default())?;
    // docker --env-file: one NAME=value per line (no newlines allowed in values).
    write(env_file_path(), m.iter().map(|(k, v)| format!("{k}={}\n", v.replace('\n', "\\n"))).collect())
}

/// Names only: values can be written, never read back.
pub fn secret_names() -> Vec<String> {
    read_secrets().into_keys().collect()
}

pub fn valid_secret_name(n: &str) -> bool {
    let mut c = n.chars();
    matches!(c.next(), Some('A'..='Z')) && c.all(|ch| ch.is_ascii_uppercase() || ch.is_ascii_digit() || ch == '_')
}

pub fn set_secret(name: &str, value: &str) -> Result<(), String> {
    let name = name.trim();
    if !valid_secret_name(name) {
        return Err("名稱要大寫字母開頭，只能用 A–Z、0–9 和 _，例如 CRM_API_TOKEN".into());
    }
    if value.is_empty() {
        return Err("請填入值".into());
    }
    // docker's --env-file keeps values on one line; a value with newlines used to be written
    // with literal "\n" escapes and arrived broken (multi-line PEM keys) — say so up front.
    if value.contains(['\n', '\r']) {
        return Err("值裡不能有換行（多行金鑰請壓成一行，例如 -----BEGIN KEY-----…-----END KEY-----）".into());
    }
    if value.len() > SECRET_MAX_VALUE_BYTES {
        return Err(format!("值太長了（最多 {} KB）", SECRET_MAX_VALUE_BYTES / 1024));
    }
    let mut m = read_secrets();
    if !m.contains_key(name) && m.len() >= SECRET_MAX_COUNT {
        return Err(format!("最多 {SECRET_MAX_COUNT} 個密鑰"));
    }
    m.insert(name.to_string(), value.to_string());
    write_secrets(&m)
}

pub fn remove_secret(name: &str) {
    let mut m = read_secrets();
    if m.remove(name).is_some() {
        let _ = write_secrets(&m);
    }
}

// ---------- commands ----------

/// The bot's own folder inside the box.
pub fn bot_dir(bot_id: u64) -> String {
    format!("{HOME}/bot-{bot_id}")
}

/// A local shell string that runs `cmd` in the box as the bot user, in `dir`, with the secrets.
pub fn exec_wrapper(dir: &str, cmd: &str, interactive: bool, job: &str) -> String {
    use crate::tools::sh_quote;
    // The job tag rides in the command line so the app can kill the in-container process later
    // (killing the local docker client alone leaves the program running in the box).
    let tagged = if job.is_empty() { cmd.to_string() } else { format!("export ANYBOT_JOB={job}; {cmd}") };
    let inner = format!("mkdir -p {d} && cd {d} && {tagged}", d = sh_quote(dir));
    let env = env_file_path();
    let env_arg = if env.exists() { format!(" --env-file {}", sh_quote(&env.display().to_string())) } else { String::new() };
    format!("{} exec{} -u bot -e DISPLAY={DISPLAY} -e HOME={HOME}{}{env_arg} {box} bash -lc {}", docker_prefix(), if interactive { " -i" } else { "" }, egress_env(), sh_quote(&inner), r#box = container())
}

/// An argv that kills the box process carrying this job tag (and its children).
pub fn exec_kill_argv(job: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let mut argv = vec!["docker".to_string()];
    let host = docker_host();
    if !host.is_empty() {
        argv.extend(["-H".to_string(), host]);
    }
    argv.extend([
        "exec".to_string(),
        container().to_string(),
        "sh".to_string(),
        "-c".to_string(),
        format!("for p in $(pgrep -f 'export ANYBOT_JOB={job}'); do pkill -9 -P $p; pkill -9 -P $p; kill -9 $p 2>/dev/null; done; true"),
    ]);
    argv
}

/// Put a file into a bot's folder on the box (only when the box is already running).
pub fn copy_in(local: &str, bot_id: u64, name: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
    if !run_state().is_running() {
        return Err("Bot 的電腦沒有在執行".into());
    }
    // The name arrives from uploads: keep only its file part, so no `../` can steer the
    // root-run `docker cp` out of this bot's attachments folder.
    let safe = std::path::Path::new(name)
        .file_name()
        .map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().chars().filter(|c| *c != '\0').collect::<String>())
        .filter(|n| !n.is_empty() && n != "." && n != "..")
        .ok_or_else(|| "檔案名稱無效".to_string())?;
    let dir = format!("{}/附件", bot_dir(bot_id));
    dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", container(), "mkdir", "-p", &dir])?;
    let dst = format!("{dir}/{safe}");
    dk(&["cp", local, &format!("{c}:{dst}", c = container())])?;
    let _ = dk(&["exec", container(), "chown", "bot:bot", &dst]);
    Ok(dst)
}

/// Copy a file out of the box to this Mac (for showing the person). Returns the local path.
pub fn copy_out(path_in_box: &str) -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
    ensure_running()?;
    let name = std::path::Path::new(path_in_box).file_name().map(|n| n.to_string_lossy().to_string()).unwrap_or_else(|| "file".into());
    let dir = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("anybot-from-box-{}", chrono::Utc::now().timestamp_millis()));
    std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir).map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
    let local = dir.join(&name);
    dk(&["cp", &format!("{}:{path_in_box}", container()), &local.display().to_string()]).map_err(|e| format!("拿不到檔案：{e}"))?;
    Ok(local)
}

// ---------- the box's screen (xdotool) ----------
// One `docker exec` per step: the xdotool commands, then (for the bot) a short wait and the
// picture of the result, in one shell script. Each exec costs 50–200 ms locally and more on a
// Docker host elsewhere; a click with a modifier used to be four of them, plus one more for the
// screenshot the bot then had to ask for.

/// The latest picture of the box's screen, small (for the 電腦 card). While the box runs it is
/// taken now (and kept on disk); while it sleeps the last one taken is shown.
pub fn thumbnail(width: u32) -> Option<image::RgbaImage> {
    let path = data_dir().join("last-screen.png");
    if let Some(img) = frame() {
        let h = (img.height() as f32 * width as f32 / img.width().max(1) as f32).round() as u32;
        let small = image::imageops::resize(&img, width, h.max(1), image::imageops::FilterType::Triangle);
        let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(data_dir());
        let _ = small.save(&path);
        return Some(small);
    }
    image::open(&path).ok().map(|i| i.to_rgba8())
}

/// The screen now, for a small picture (no waking: None when the box isn't running). People watch
/// it live through VNC (vnc.rs).
pub fn frame() -> Option<image::RgbaImage> {
    if !run_state().is_running() {
        return None;
    }
    let jpeg = dk_timeout(&["exec", container(), "import", "-window", "root", "-display", DISPLAY, "-quality", "80", "jpeg:-"], 5_000).ok()?;
    image::load_from_memory(&jpeg).ok().map(|i| i.to_rgba8())
}

/// The desktop's size in pixels (asked once per box).
fn box_size() -> Result<(u32, u32), String> {
    if let Some(s) = shared().lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).size {
        return Ok(s);
    }
    let out = dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", "-e", "DISPLAY=:1", container(), "xdotool", "getdisplaygeometry"])?;
    let mut it = out.split_whitespace().filter_map(|n| n.parse::<u32>().ok());
    let size = match (it.next(), it.next()) {
        (Some(w), Some(h)) if w > 0 && h > 0 => (w, h),
        _ => return Err("讀不到這台電腦的螢幕大小".to_string()),
    };
    shared().lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).size = Some(size);
    Ok(size)
}

/// Desktop pixels per picture pixel: the bot's pictures are the desktop fitted to 1024 wide,
/// always the same size, so its coordinates map without remembering a screenshot.
fn box_scale() -> Result<(f64, f64), String> {
    let (w, h) = box_size()?;
    let (fw, fh, _) = crate::computer::fit(w, h);
    Ok((w as f64 / fw.max(1) as f64, h as f64 / fh.max(1) as f64))
}

/// A step on the box's screen as a shell script (for `sh -c` inside the box, as the bot user),
/// the text it reads on stdin (typing), and what to tell the bot. Coordinates are picture pixels
/// times `scale` (desktop pixels per picture pixel; 1 for a person's viewer, which shows the
/// desktop at full size).
pub fn box_script(name: &str, v: &Value, scale: (f64, f64)) -> Result<(String, Option<String>, String), String> {
    // A control's number from the latest picture: its centre on the desktop.
    let by_number = |p: &Value| -> Option<Result<((i64, i64), String), String>> {
        let r = match &p["ref"] {
            Value::String(r) if !r.trim().is_empty() => r.trim().to_string(),
            Value::Number(n) => n.to_string(),
            _ => return None,
        };
        let spots = BOX_SPOTS.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).clone();
        Some(spots.ok_or_else(|| "先用 computer_use_screenshot 看一下畫面，再照圖上的編號操作。".to_string()).and_then(|s| s.get(&r)).map(|((x, y), what)| ((x.round() as i64, y.round() as i64), format!("#{}（{what}）", crate::marks::number_of(&r).unwrap_or(0)))))
    };
    let pt = |p: &Value| -> Result<(i64, i64), String> {
        if let Some(r) = by_number(p) {
            return r.map(|(xy, _)| xy);
        }
        let (Some(x), Some(y)) = (p["x"].as_f64(), p["y"].as_f64()) else { return Err("請給編號 ref（截圖上的數字），或 x 和 y（截圖上的位置）".into()) };
        Ok(((x * scale.0).round() as i64, (y * scale.1).round() as i64))
    };
    let at = |p: &Value| match by_number(p) {
        Some(Ok((_, what))) => what,
        _ => format!("({}, {})", p["x"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0), p["y"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0)),
    };
    let mods = mods_of(v);
    let down: String = mods.iter().map(|m| format!(" keydown {m}")).collect();
    let up: String = mods.iter().rev().map(|m| format!(" keyup {m}")).collect();
    // Never `mousemove --sync`: it waits forever when the pointer is already there (a second
    // click on the same button hung the box for two minutes).
    let mv = |(x, y): (i64, i64)| format!("mousemove {x} {y} sleep 0.03");
    let wrap = |body: String| -> String {
        if mods.is_empty() {
            format!("xdotool {body}")
        } else {
            // Keys held for the step are let go even when the step fails (a stuck ctrl spoils
            // every later click and keystroke in the box).
            format!("xdotool{down} {body}; rc=$?; xdotool{up}; [ $rc = 0 ]")
        }
    };
    let button = button_no(v["button"].as_str().unwrap_or("left"));
    Ok(match name {
        "computer_use_click" => {
            let n = v["count"].as_u64().unwrap_or(1).clamp(1, 3);
            (wrap(format!("{} click --repeat {n} --delay {CLICK_REPEAT_MS} {button}", mv(pt(v)?))), None, format!("已{}{} {}。", if button == "3" { "右鍵" } else { "" }, if n >= 2 { format!("連點 {n} 下") } else { "點".into() }, at(v)))
        }
        "computer_use_mouse_move" => (format!("xdotool {}", mv(pt(v)?)), None, format!("已把滑鼠移到 {}。", at(v))),
        "computer_use_scroll" => {
            let amount = crate::computer::scroll_amount(v["amount"].as_i64());
            let dir = v["direction"].as_str().unwrap_or("").trim().to_lowercase();
            let wheel = match dir.as_str() {
                "up" => "4",
                "down" => "5",
                "left" => "6",
                "right" => "7",
                _ => return Err(format!("方向「{dir}」要是 up、down、left 或 right")),
            };
            let go = if v["x"].is_null() && v["ref"].is_null() { String::new() } else { format!("{} ", mv(pt(v)?)) };
            (wrap(format!("{go}click --repeat {amount} --delay 20 {wheel}")), None, format!("已捲動 {dir} ×{amount}。"))
        }
        "computer_use_drag" => {
            // A point that fails to parse is an error, not a silently dropped waypoint.
            let raw = v["path"].as_array().ok_or("拖曳要給 path：一個點陣，每個點有數字 x 和 y（用截圖上的座標）")?;
            let path: Vec<(i64, i64)> = raw.iter().map(pt).collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
            if path.len() < 2 {
                return Err("拖曳至少要兩個點（每個點要有數字 x 和 y，用截圖上的座標）".into());
            }
            let mut body = format!("{} mousedown {button} sleep 0.04", mv(path[0]));
            let steps: Vec<(f64, f64)> = crate::computer::drag_points(&path.iter().map(|(x, y)| (*x as f64, *y as f64)).collect::<Vec<_>>());
            for (x, y) in steps {
                body.push_str(&format!(" mousemove {} {} sleep 0.008", x.round() as i64, y.round() as i64));
            }
            body.push_str(&format!(" mouseup {button}"));
            (wrap(body), None, format!("已從 {} 拖曳到 {}。", at(&raw[0]), at(&raw[raw.len() - 1])))
        }
        "computer_use_typing" => {
            let text = v["value"].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string();
            let submit = v["submit"].as_bool().unwrap_or(false);
            if text.is_empty() && !submit {
                return Err("請給要打的字".into());
            }
            let mut script = String::new();
            // Into a field by its number: click it first, like a person would.
            let field = match by_number(v) {
                Some(r) => {
                    let ((x, y), what) = r?;
                    script.push_str(&format!("xdotool mousemove {x} {y} sleep 0.03 click 1 sleep 0.15"));
                    format!("在 {what}")
                }
                None => String::new(),
            };
            if !text.is_empty() {
                script.push_str(&format!(" && {}", type_script(&text)));
            }
            if submit {
                script.push_str(" && sleep 0.06 && xdotool key --clearmodifiers Return");
            }
            let script = script.trim_start_matches(" && ").to_string();
            (script, Some(text.clone()).filter(|t| !t.is_empty()), format!("已打字（{} 個字）{field}{}。", text.chars().count(), if submit { "，再按了 return" } else { "" }))
        }
        "computer_use_press_key" => {
            let keys = v["key"].as_str().unwrap_or("");
            let hold = v["hold_duration_ms"].as_u64().unwrap_or(0).min(5_000);
            let mut parts: Vec<String> = vec![];
            for k in keys.split_whitespace() {
                match combo_to_x(k) {
                    Ok(c) if hold > 0 => parts.push(format!("keydown {c} sleep {:.3} keyup {c}", hold as f64 / 1000.0)),
                    Ok(c) => parts.push(format!("key --clearmodifiers {c}")),
                    // 「@」「？」: a character, typed.
                    Err(_) if k.chars().count() == 1 => parts.push(format!("type --clearmodifiers -- {}", crate::tools::sh_quote(k))),
                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
                }
            }
            if parts.is_empty() {
                return Err("請給要按的鍵".into());
            }
            (format!("xdotool {}", parts.join(" sleep 0.02 ")), None, format!("已按 {keys}。"))
        }
        other => return Err(format!("沒有「{other}」這個工具")),
    })
}

/// Typing, as a script reading the text on stdin. Plain ASCII goes key by key; anything else
/// (Chinese, emoji) is pasted, because X keyboards can't type characters they have no key for in
/// every program: both selections hold it (xclip keeps serving after the exec ends, setsid), and
/// terminals paste with shift+Insert, everything else with ctrl+v.
fn type_script(text: &str) -> String {
    if text.is_ascii() {
        return format!("xdotool type --clearmodifiers --delay {TYPE_DELAY_MS} --file -");
    }
    "cat > /tmp/anybot-paste.txt && for s in clipboard primary; do setsid xclip -selection $s -i /tmp/anybot-paste.txt </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 & done; sleep 0.15; \
     case \"$(xprop -id $(xdotool getactivewindow) WM_CLASS 2>/dev/null | tr A-Z a-z)\" in *term*) k=shift+Insert;; *) k=ctrl+v;; esac; xdotool key --clearmodifiers $k"
        .to_string()
}

/// Run a step's script in the box; with `picture`, wait for the screen to settle and return it.
fn box_exec(script: &str, stdin: Option<&str>, picture: bool) -> Result<Option<image::RgbImage>, String> {
    let full = if picture { format!("{{ {script}; }} || exit $?; sleep {:.2}; import -window root png:- 2>/dev/null || true", crate::computer::SETTLE_MS as f64 / 1000.0) } else { script.to_string() };
    // Always an stdin (closed at once when there's no text), as `docker exec -i` expects.
    let out = match dk_with_input(&["exec", "-i", "-u", "bot", "-e", "DISPLAY=:1", container(), "sh", "-c", &full], Some(stdin.unwrap_or("").as_bytes()), 30_000) {
        Ok(o) => o,
        Err(e) if e == "逾時" => return Err("這台電腦太久沒有回應".into()),
        Err(e) if e.is_empty() => return Err("這一步沒有成功".into()),
        Err(e) => return Err(format!("xdotool：{e}")),
    };
    if !picture || out.is_empty() {
        return Ok(None);
    }
    let img = image::load_from_memory(&out).map(|i| i.to_rgb8()).ok();
    if let Some(i) = &img {
        shared().lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).size = Some(i.dimensions());
    }
    Ok(img)
}

/// The numbered controls of the box's latest look (centres in desktop pixels).
static BOX_SPOTS: Mutex<Option<crate::marks::Spots>> = Mutex::new(None);
/// The latest look's fingerprint (to say when a step changed nothing).
static BOX_LAST: Mutex<Option<u64>> = Mutex::new(None);

/// AT-SPI roles as words.
fn role_words(role: &str) -> String {
    match role {
        "push button" | "toggle button" => "按鈕",
        "link" => "連結",
        "entry" => "輸入框",
        "password text" => "密碼欄",
        "check box" => "勾選框",
        "radio button" => "選項",
        "menu item" | "check menu item" | "radio menu item" => "選單項目",
        "menu" => "選單",
        "page tab" | "tab" => "分頁",
        "list item" | "tree item" => "項目",
        "combo box" => "下拉選單",
        "spin button" => "數字欄",
        "slider" => "滑桿",
        "heading" => "標題",
        "image" | "icon" => "圖片",
        "table cell" => "格子",
        "column header" | "row header" => "欄名",
        "dialog" | "alert" => "對話框",
        "text" | "paragraph" | "section" | "document web" => "文字",
        _ => "文字",
    }
    .to_string()
}

/// The box's controls from its accessibility tree (box/a11y's JSON).
pub fn elements_of(v: &Value) -> Vec<crate::marks::Element> {
    v["elements"]
        .as_array()
        .into_iter()
        .flatten()
        .map(|e| {
            let role = e["role"].as_str().unwrap_or("");
            let active = e["active"].as_bool().unwrap_or(false);
            let kind = if active && matches!(role, "text" | "paragraph" | "section" | "document web") { "輸入框".to_string() } else { role_words(role) };
            let flags = e["flags"].as_array().into_iter().flatten().filter_map(|f| match f.as_str()? {
                "focused" => Some("游標在這"),
                "checked" => Some("已勾"),
                "selected" => Some("已選"),
                "disabled" => Some("停用"),
                _ => None,
            }).collect();
            crate::marks::Element {
                kind,
                name: e["name"].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string(),
                value: e["value"].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string(),
                x: e["x"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0),
                y: e["y"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0),
                w: e["w"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0),
                h: e["h"].as_f64().unwrap_or(0.0),
                active,
                flags,
                window: e["window"].as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string(),
            }
        })
        .collect()
}

/// Do a step's script (if any), wait for the screen to settle, and look: the picture with the
/// controls numbered and the list, in one `docker exec`. After a step it also says when nothing
/// changed, so the bot doesn't click the same empty place again and again.
fn box_look(script: Option<(&str, Option<&str>)>, after: Option<String>) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), String> {
    let look = "anybot-a11y --budget 3 > /tmp/anybot-look.json 2>/dev/null || echo '{\"elements\":[]}' > /tmp/anybot-look.json; \
                wc -c < /tmp/anybot-look.json; cat /tmp/anybot-look.json; import -window root png:- 2>/dev/null";
    let full = match script {
        Some((s, _)) => format!("{{ {s}; }} || exit $?; sleep {:.2}; {look}", crate::computer::SETTLE_MS as f64 / 1000.0),
        None => look.to_string(),
    };
    let input = script.and_then(|(_, i)| i).unwrap_or("");
    let out = match dk_with_input(&["exec", "-i", "-u", "bot", "-e", "DISPLAY=:1", container(), "sh", "-c", &full], Some(input.as_bytes()), 30_000) {
        Ok(o) => o,
        Err(e) if e == "逾時" => return Err("這台電腦太久沒有回應".into()),
        Err(e) if e.is_empty() => return Err("這一步沒有成功".into()),
        Err(e) => return Err(format!("xdotool：{e}")),
    };
    // "<bytes of the list>\n<list JSON><PNG>"
    let nl = out.iter().position(|b| *b == b'\n').ok_or("這台電腦沒有回傳畫面")?;
    let n: usize = String::from_utf8_lossy(&out[..nl]).trim().parse().map_err(|_| "這台電腦回傳的畫面讀不懂")?;
    let json_end = (nl + 1 + n).min(out.len());
    let tree: Value = serde_json::from_slice(&out[nl + 1..json_end]).unwrap_or(Value::Null);
    let img = image::load_from_memory(&out[json_end..]).map_err(|e| format!("截圖讀不出來：{e}"))?.to_rgb8();
    let (w, h) = img.dimensions();
    shared().lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()).size = Some((w, h));
    let els = elements_of(&tree);
    let (numbered, lines, spots) = crate::marks::number(&els, false);
    *BOX_SPOTS.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner()) = Some(spots);
    let (fw, fh, resize) = crate::computer::fit(w, h);
    let mut pic = if resize { image::imageops::resize(&img, fw, fh, image::imageops::FilterType::Triangle) } else { img };
    let fp = crate::marks::fingerprint(&els) ^ crate::marks::picture_fingerprint(&pic).rotate_left(1);
    crate::marks::draw(&mut pic, &numbered, (w as f64 / fw.max(1) as f64, h as f64 / fh.max(1) as f64));
    let jpeg = crate::computer::encode_jpeg(&pic).ok_or("截圖太大了，沒辦法送出")?;
    let mut text = after.clone().map(|n| format!("{n}\n")).unwrap_or_default();
    text.push_str(&format!("螢幕截圖（{fw}×{fh}，Linux 桌面）。"));
    let unchanged = {
        let mut last = BOX_LAST.lock().unwrap_or_else(|e| e.into_inner());
        let same = after.is_some() && *last == Some(fp);
        *last = Some(fp);
        same
    };
    if unchanged {
        text.push_str("\n⚠️ 畫面和上一步完全一樣：這一步沒有點到東西。不要再做同一步；換一個編號、換一個方法（網頁用 browser_* 工具，或直接開網址），或用 hand_over_computer 請使用者幫忙。");
    }
    if lines.is_empty() {
        text.push_str("\n畫面上沒有可以照編號點的東西：只好照圖上的位置點 x、y。");
    } else {
        text.push_str(&format!("\n可以操作的東西（圖上同樣的編號，用 ref 點）：\n{}", lines.join("\n")));
    }
    Ok((text, Some(base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(jpeg))))
}

/// Programs people name, as the box knows them.
fn box_program(app: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
    let a = app.trim().to_lowercase();
    if ["chrome", "chromium", "google chrome", "browser", "瀏覽器", "網頁瀏覽器"].iter().any(|n| a == *n) {
        return Some("chromium");
    }
    if ["terminal", "終端機", "xterm", "shell", "命令列"].iter().any(|n| a == *n) {
        return Some("xterm");
    }
    None
}

/// Open a program on the box, or bring its window to the front. The browser is AnyBot's
/// browser there (the one browser_* drive), never a second copy fighting over its profile.
fn open_on_box(app: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
    let name = app.trim();
    if name.is_empty() {
        return Err("請給要打開的程式名稱".into());
    }
    let prog = match box_program(name) {
        Some(p) => p.to_string(),
        None if name.chars().all(|c| c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || "._-".contains(c)) => name.to_lowercase(),
        None => return Err(format!("這台是 Linux 桌面，沒有「{name}」。可以打開的例如 chromium（瀏覽器）、xterm（終端機），或用指令工具安裝。")),
    };
    if prog == "chromium" {
        browser_port()?;
    }
    let q = crate::tools::sh_quote(&prog);
    // Front if it has a window; else start it and wait (up to 8 s) for one.
    let script = format!(
        "w=$(xdotool search --onlyvisible --classname {q} 2>/dev/null | tail -1); \
         if [ -z \"$w\" ]; then command -v {q} >/dev/null || {{ echo \"沒有 {prog} 這個程式\" >&2; exit 3; }}; (setsid {q} >/dev/null 2>&1 &); \
         for i in $(seq 1 40); do sleep 0.2; w=$(xdotool search --onlyvisible --classname {q} 2>/dev/null | tail -1); [ -n \"$w\" ] && break; done; fi; \
         [ -n \"$w\" ] && xdotool windowactivate $w 2>/dev/null; true"
    );
    box_exec(&script, None, false)?;
    Ok(format!("已打開「{prog}」，放在最前面。"))
}

/// Run a computer_use tool on the box. Returns (text, screenshot as base64 JPEG).
pub fn computer_run(name: &str, v: &Value) -> Result<(String, Option<String>), String> {
    ensure_running()?;
    let _busy = Busy::new(true);
    match name {
        "computer_use_check_permissions" => return Ok(("這台電腦不需要另外的權限：可以截圖，也可以操作滑鼠和鍵盤。".into(), None)),
        "computer_use_screenshot" => return box_look(None, None),
        _ => {}
    }
    if HELD_BY_PERSON.load(Ordering::SeqCst) || crate::vnc::person_active() {
        return Err("使用者正在自己操作這台電腦。請等他操作完（停下幾秒後）再繼續，或先截圖看看畫面。".into());
    }
    if name == "computer_use_open_app" {
        let note = open_on_box(v["app"].as_str().unwrap_or(""))?;
        return box_look(Some(("true", None)), Some(note));
    }
    let (script, stdin, note) = box_script(name, v, box_scale()?)?;
    box_look(Some((&script, stdin.as_deref())), Some(note))
}

// ---------- text a person types in a viewer ----------

/// Text from a person's viewer (any language): typed or pasted into the window in front, like
/// the bot's typing. (Their mouse and keys go through VNC itself.)
pub fn viewer_text(text: &str) {
    if !text.is_empty() {
        let _ = box_exec(&type_script(text), Some(text), false);
    }
    touch();
}

fn key_to_x(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
    let n = name.trim().to_lowercase();
    let s = match n.as_str() {
        "return" | "enter" => "Return",
        "tab" => "Tab",
        "space" => "space",
        "delete" | "backspace" => "BackSpace",
        "forwarddelete" | "del" => "Delete",
        "escape" | "esc" => "Escape",
        "home" => "Home",
        "end" => "End",
        "pageup" => "Prior",
        "pagedown" => "Next",
        "up" | "arrowup" => "Up",
        "down" | "arrowdown" => "Down",
        "left" | "arrowleft" => "Left",
        "right" | "arrowright" => "Right",
        "-" | "minus" => "minus",
        "=" | "equal" => "equal",
        "[" => "bracketleft",
        "]" => "bracketright",
        ";" => "semicolon",
        "'" => "apostrophe",
        "," | "comma" => "comma",
        "." | "period" => "period",
        "/" | "slash" => "slash",
        "\\" | "backslash" => "backslash",
        "`" | "grave" => "grave",
        f if f.starts_with('f') && f[1..].parse::<u8>().map(|x| (1..=12).contains(&x)).unwrap_or(false) => return Some(f.to_uppercase()),
        c if c.chars().count() == 1 && c.chars().all(|ch| ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric()) => return Some(c.to_string()),
        _ => return None,
    };
    Some(s.into())
}

fn modifier_to_x(m: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
    // On Linux the shortcuts people mean by cmd (copy, paste, select all) use ctrl.
    match m.trim().to_lowercase().as_str() {
        "cmd" | "command" | "meta" | "control" | "ctrl" => Some("ctrl"),
        "shift" => Some("shift"),
        "option" | "alt" | "opt" => Some("alt"),
        "super" | "win" | "windows" => Some("super"),
        _ => None,
    }
}

/// "cmd+shift+t" → "ctrl+shift+t"
pub fn combo_to_x(combo: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
    let parts: Vec<&str> = combo.split('+').map(str::trim).filter(|p| !p.is_empty()).collect();
    let Some((key, mods)) = parts.split_last() else { return Err("請給要按的鍵".into()) };
    let mut out: Vec<String> = vec![];
    for m in mods {
        out.push(modifier_to_x(m).ok_or_else(|| format!("不認得「{m}」這個修飾鍵"))?.to_string());
    }
    out.push(key_to_x(key).ok_or_else(|| format!("不認得「{key}」這個鍵"))?);
    Ok(out.join("+"))
}

fn mods_of(v: &Value) -> Vec<String> {
    v["modifier_keys"].as_array().map(|a| a.iter().filter_map(|m| m.as_str().and_then(modifier_to_x)).map(String::from).collect()).unwrap_or_default()
}

fn button_no(b: &str) -> &'static str {
    match b {
        "right" => "3",
        "middle" => "2",
        _ => "1",
    }
}

// ---------- the browser viewer (noVNC) ----------

fn published_port() -> u16 {
    dk(&["port", container(), &NOVNC_PORT.to_string()])
        .ok()
        .and_then(|s| s.lines().next().and_then(|l| l.rsplit(':').next()).and_then(|p| p.trim().parse().ok()))
        .unwrap_or(HOST_PORT)
}

/// The noVNC address on this Mac (through an SSH tunnel when the box is on another host).
pub fn viewer_url(control: bool) -> Result<String, String> {
    ensure_running()?;
    let port = published_port();
    let host = docker_host();
    let local_port = if let Some(target) = host.strip_prefix("ssh://") {
        let mut s = shared().lock().unwrap();
        let alive = s.tunnel.as_mut().map(|c| matches!(c.try_wait(), Ok(None))).unwrap_or(false);
        if !alive {
            let lp = free_port(HOST_PORT + 100);
            let child = Command::new("ssh")
                .env("PATH", tool_path())
                .args(["-N", "-o", "BatchMode=yes", "-o", "ExitOnForwardFailure=yes", "-L", &format!("{lp}:127.0.0.1:{port}"), target])
                .stdin(Stdio::null())
                .stdout(Stdio::null())
                .stderr(Stdio::null())
                .spawn()
                .map_err(|e| format!("開不了 SSH 通道：{e}"))?;
            s.tunnel = Some(child);
            s.host_port = lp;
            drop(s);
            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(800));
            lp
        } else {
            s.host_port
        }
    } else {
        port
    };
    // noVNC signs in with the box's VNC password (x11vnc refuses the keyless login now).
    Ok(format!("http://127.0.0.1:{local_port}/vnc.html?autoconnect=1&resize=scale&reconnect=1&show_dot=1&password={}{}", vnc_password(), if control { "" } else { "&view_only=1" }))
}

pub fn shutdown() {
    if let Some(mut t) = shared().lock().unwrap().tunnel.take() {
        let _ = t.kill();
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn secret_names_follow_the_original_rule() {
        assert!(valid_secret_name("CRM_API_TOKEN"));
        assert!(valid_secret_name("A1"));
        assert!(!valid_secret_name("crm_token"));
        assert!(!valid_secret_name("1ABC"));
        assert!(!valid_secret_name("_ABC"));
        assert!(!valid_secret_name("AB-C"));
    }

    #[test]
    fn shortcuts_become_x_keys() {
        assert_eq!(combo_to_x("cmd+c").unwrap(), "ctrl+c");
        assert_eq!(combo_to_x("cmd+shift+t").unwrap(), "ctrl+shift+t");
        assert_eq!(combo_to_x("return").unwrap(), "Return");
        assert_eq!(combo_to_x("option+f4").unwrap(), "alt+F4");
        assert!(combo_to_x("hyper+x").is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn a_step_is_one_script() {
        let s = (1.25, 1.25);
        // Picture pixels → desktop pixels; never `mousemove --sync` (it hangs when the pointer is
        // already there).
        let (sc, input, note) = box_script("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 512, "y": 320}), s).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(sc, "xdotool mousemove 640 400 sleep 0.03 click --repeat 1 --delay 80 1");
        assert!(input.is_none() && note.contains("(512, 320)"));
        // Keys held for a step are let go even when it fails.
        let (sc, _, _) = box_script("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 8, "y": 8, "modifier_keys": ["cmd", "shift"], "count": 2}), s).unwrap();
        assert!(sc.starts_with("xdotool keydown ctrl keydown shift mousemove 10 10") && sc.ends_with("rc=$?; xdotool keyup shift keyup ctrl; [ $rc = 0 ]"), "{sc}");
        assert!(!sc.contains("--sync"));
        // Text goes in on stdin (no quoting to get wrong); return after it when asked.
        let (sc, input, _) = box_script("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": "echo 'hi' && ls", "submit": true}), s).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(input.as_deref(), Some("echo 'hi' && ls"));
        assert!(sc.starts_with("xdotool type --clearmodifiers --delay 12 --file -") && sc.ends_with("xdotool key --clearmodifiers Return"), "{sc}");
        let (sc, input, _) = box_script("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": "中文"}), s).unwrap();
        assert!(sc.contains("xclip") && input.as_deref() == Some("中文"));
        // Keys by name, a character typed, several in order.
        let (sc, _, _) = box_script("computer_use_press_key", &serde_json::json!({"key": "slash @ cmd+a"}), s).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(sc, "xdotool key --clearmodifiers slash sleep 0.02 type --clearmodifiers -- '@' sleep 0.02 key --clearmodifiers ctrl+a");
        // A drag walks its path in small steps and lets go at the end.
        let (sc, _, _) = box_script("computer_use_drag", &serde_json::json!({"path": [{"x": 0, "y": 0}, {"x": 48, "y": 0}]}), s).unwrap();
        assert!(sc.starts_with("xdotool mousemove 0 0 sleep 0.03 mousedown 1") && sc.contains("mousemove 60 0") && sc.ends_with("mouseup 1"), "{sc}");
        // No app numbers on this desktop: said, not guessed.
        assert!(box_script("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"ref": "e3"}), s).is_err());
        assert!(box_script("computer_use_scroll", &serde_json::json!({"direction": "sideways"}), s).is_err());
    }

    /// A box made from this image (`ANYBOT_BOX_NAME=<test box> cargo test --release -- --ignored
    /// box_numbers_are_exact --nocapture`, with a scratch ANYBOT_DATA_DIR). A page like Threads'
    /// (small icon links down the side): every link, field and button gets a number on the
    /// picture, a click by number lands on it, typing goes into the numbered field, and clicking
    /// an empty spot twice is called out.
    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn box_numbers_are_exact() {
        ensure_running().expect("box starts");
        let cancel = AtomicBool::new(false);
        let page = r##"<!doctype html><meta charset=utf-8><title>start</title><body style="margin:0;font:16px sans-serif">
<nav style="position:fixed;left:0;top:0;width:64px;height:100%;background:#f3f3f3">
<a href="#h" aria-label="Home" onclick="document.title='Home';return false" style="display:block;margin:24px 16px;width:28px;height:28px;background:#888;border-radius:6px"></a>
<a href="#p" aria-label="Profile" onclick="document.title='Profile';return false" style="display:block;margin:24px 16px;width:28px;height:28px;background:#888;border-radius:6px"></a>
</nav><main style="margin-left:96px;padding:24px"><h1>測試頁</h1>
<input id=q aria-label="搜尋" style="width:280px;font-size:16px"> <button onclick="document.title='Go:'+document.getElementById('q').value">搜尋</button></main>"##;
        dk_with_input(&["exec", "-i", "-u", "bot", container(), "sh", "-c", "mkdir -p /tmp/anybot-page && cat > /tmp/anybot-page/index.html && (cd /tmp/anybot-page && setsid python3 -m http.server 8765 --bind 127.0.0.1 >/dev/null 2>&1 &) ; sleep 0.5"], Some(page.as_bytes()), 10_000).expect("page served");
        let opened = crate::botbrowser::in_box(|| crate::web::run_full("browser_open", r#"{"url":"http://127.0.0.1:8765/"}"#, &cancel));
        assert!(opened.1, "{}", opened.0);
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1500));
        let title = || crate::botbrowser::in_box(|| crate::botbrowser::eval_current(None, "document.title")).map(|(_, v)| v.as_str().unwrap_or("").to_string()).unwrap_or_default();
        let t0 = Instant::now();
        let (txt, img) = computer_run("computer_use_screenshot", &serde_json::json!({})).unwrap();
        println!("look: {} ms\n{txt}", t0.elapsed().as_millis());
        if let Some(b) = &img {
            let _ = std::fs::write(std::env::temp_dir().join("anybot-numbers.jpg"), base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.decode(b).unwrap_or_default());
        }
        let number = |what: &str| -> String {
            txt.lines().find(|l| l.contains(what)).and_then(|l| l.trim().strip_prefix('[')).and_then(|l| l.split(']').next()).unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no number for {what} in:\n{txt}")).to_string()
        };
        // The small icon link down the side, by number.
        let profile = number("連結「Profile」");
        computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"ref": profile})).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(title(), "Profile");
        // Typing into the numbered field (Chinese), then the numbered button.
        let field = number("輸入框「搜尋」");
        computer_run("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"ref": field, "value": "貓咪 cats"})).unwrap();
        let (after, _) = computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"ref": number("按鈕「搜尋」")})).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(title(), "Go:貓咪 cats");
        assert!(!after.contains("完全一樣"), "{after}");
        // An empty spot, twice: the second time it says nothing changed.
        computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 700, "y": 520})).unwrap();
        let (again, _) = computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 700, "y": 520})).unwrap();
        assert!(again.contains("畫面和上一步完全一樣"), "{again}");
    }

    /// Uses the real Docker: `cargo test --release -- --ignored box_screen_is_exact --nocapture`.
    /// The bot's clicks land where its picture says, the same spot twice doesn't hang, typing (ASCII, Chinese, a key by name) reaches the app,
    /// and every step comes back with the screen after it.
    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn box_screen_is_exact() {
        ensure_running().expect("box starts");
        let pointer = || {
            let out = dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", "-e", "DISPLAY=:1", container(), "xdotool", "getmouselocation"]).unwrap();
            let num = |k: &str| out.split_whitespace().find_map(|w| w.strip_prefix(&format!("{k}:")).and_then(|v| v.parse::<i64>().ok())).unwrap();
            (num("x"), num("y"))
        };
        let (w, h) = box_size().unwrap();
        let (fw, fh, _) = crate::computer::fit(w, h);
        println!("desktop {w}×{h}, picture {fw}×{fh}");
        // A move, in the bot's picture pixels, with no screenshot taken first.
        shared().lock().unwrap().size = None;
        let (txt, img) = computer_run("computer_use_mouse_move", &serde_json::json!({"x": fw / 2, "y": fh / 2})).unwrap();
        assert!(img.is_some(), "a picture comes back: {txt}");
        assert_eq!(pointer(), ((w / 2) as i64, (h / 2) as i64));
        // The same spot twice: quick, not a two-minute hang.
        let t = Instant::now();
        computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 40, "y": 40})).unwrap();
        computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": 40, "y": 40})).unwrap();
        println!("two clicks with pictures: {} ms", t.elapsed().as_millis());
        assert!(t.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(6));
        assert_eq!(pointer(), ((40.0 * w as f64 / fw as f64).round() as i64, (40.0 * h as f64 / fh as f64).round() as i64));
        // Typing reaches the app in front: a fresh terminal, ASCII then Chinese, a key by name, return.
        let _ = dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", container(), "rm", "-f", "/home/bot/exact.txt"]);
        let (txt, img) = computer_run("computer_use_open_app", &serde_json::json!({"app": "終端機"})).unwrap();
        println!("{txt}");
        assert!(img.is_some());
        computer_run("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": "echo 'a-b' "})).unwrap();
        computer_run("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": "中文"})).unwrap();
        computer_run("computer_use_press_key", &serde_json::json!({"key": "space slash"})).unwrap();
        let (txt, img) = computer_run("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": " > /home/bot/exact.txt", "submit": true})).unwrap();
        assert!(img.is_some() && txt.contains("return"));
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
        let out = dk(&["exec", "-u", "bot", container(), "cat", "/home/bot/exact.txt"]).unwrap_or_default();
        println!("typed: {out}");
        assert_eq!(out.trim(), "a-b 中文 /");
        let _ = box_exec("xdotool key --clearmodifiers ctrl+d", None, false);
    }

    /// Uses the real Docker: `cargo test --release -- --ignored box_end_to_end --nocapture`.
    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn box_end_to_end() {
        use crate::tools::{run_on, Place, RunIds, Target};
        let cancel = AtomicBool::new(false);
        let ids = RunIds::default();
        ensure_running().expect("box starts");
        assert!(run_state().is_running());
        let t = Target { name: "Bot 的電腦".into(), place: Place::Box { dir: bot_dir(999) } };
        let (out, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"pwd && whoami && echo $DISPLAY"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        println!("shell: {out}");
        assert!(ok && out.contains("/home/bot/bot-999") && out.contains("bot") && out.contains(":1"));
        let (out, ok) = run_on("edit_file", r#"{"path":"notes/hello.txt","old_text":"","new_text":"第一行\nhello world\n"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok, "{out}");
        let (out, ok) = run_on("edit_file", r#"{"path":"notes/hello.txt","old_text":"hello world","new_text":"你好 世界"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok, "{out}");
        let (out, ok) = run_on("read_file", r#"{"path":"notes/hello.txt"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        println!("read: {out}");
        assert!(ok && out.contains("你好 世界") && !out.contains("hello world"));
        let (out, ok) = run_on("search", r#"{"pattern":"世界","path":"."}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok && out.contains("hello.txt"), "{out}");
        // secrets reach commands, never shown by the app
        set_secret("ANYBOT_TEST_TOKEN", "s3cret-value").unwrap();
        let (out, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"test \"$ANYBOT_TEST_TOKEN\" = s3cret-value && echo has-secret"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        remove_secret("ANYBOT_TEST_TOKEN");
        assert!(ok && out.contains("has-secret"), "{out}");
        // background command takes input
        let (out, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"read -p 'name? ' n; echo got:$n","timeout_ms":1500}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok, "{out}");
        let id: u64 = out.split('#').nth(1).and_then(|s| s.split(|c: char| !c.is_ascii_digit()).next()).and_then(|s| s.parse().ok()).expect("terminal id");
        let (out, ok) = run_on("write_terminal", &format!(r#"{{"id":{id},"input":"daniel\n"}}"#), &t, &cancel, &ids);
        println!("write_terminal: {out}");
        assert!(ok && out.contains("got:daniel"), "{out}");
        // screen
        let (txt, img) = computer_run("computer_use_screenshot", &serde_json::json!({})).unwrap();
        println!("{txt}");
        assert!(img.is_some());
        run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"(xterm >/dev/null 2>&1 &) ; sleep 1.5"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        // Click the middle of that window, wherever it opened (other windows — a browser left
        // open — may cover the corner), in the screenshot's pixels. (Its shell renames it, so it
        // is found by its class: the newest xterm.)
        let (geo, _) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"W=$(DISPLAY=:1 xdotool search --onlyvisible --class xterm | tail -1); DISPLAY=:1 xdotool getwindowgeometry --shell $W | tail -n +2 | head -4 | tr '\n' ' '"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        let num = |k: &str| geo.split_whitespace().find_map(|w| w.strip_prefix(&format!("{k}=")).and_then(|v| v.parse::<f64>().ok())).unwrap_or(0.0);
        let (cx, cy) = (num("X") + num("WIDTH") / 2.0, num("Y") + num("HEIGHT") / 2.0);
        let k = 1024.0 / 1280.0;
        computer_run("computer_use_click", &serde_json::json!({"x": cx * k, "y": cy * k})).unwrap();
        computer_run("computer_use_typing", &serde_json::json!({"value": "echo 中文輸入OK > /home/bot/typed.txt"})).unwrap();
        computer_run("computer_use_press_key", &serde_json::json!({"key": "return"})).unwrap();
        std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(800));
        let (out, _) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"cat /home/bot/typed.txt"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        println!("typed: {out}");
        assert!(out.contains("中文輸入OK"), "{out}");
        // snapshot (with the browser and its caches in the home folder), then restore — which
        // rebuilds the whole box, so only on a box meant for it (ANYBOT_TEST_RESTORE=1).
        let size = save_snapshot().expect("snapshot saves even while the browser writes");
        println!("snapshot: {}", human(size));
        assert!(size > 0);
        if std::env::var("ANYBOT_TEST_RESTORE").as_deref() != Ok("1") {
            let _ = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"rm -rf /home/bot/bot-999 /home/bot/typed.txt"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
            return;
        }
        run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"rm -rf notes"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        rebuild(Rebuild::Restore).unwrap();
        let start = Instant::now();
        while shared().lock().unwrap().rebuilding && start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(180) {
            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
        }
        println!("after restore: {:?}", run_state());
        let (out, ok) = run_on("read_file", r#"{"path":"notes/hello.txt"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok && out.contains("你好 世界"), "{out}");
        let _ = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"rm -rf /home/bot/bot-999 /home/bot/typed.txt"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
    }

    /// `cargo test --release -- --ignored box_traffic_via_mac --nocapture`
    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn box_traffic_via_mac() {
        use crate::tools::{run_on, Place, RunIds, Target};
        let cancel = AtomicBool::new(false);
        ensure_running().unwrap();
        set_egress_via_mac(true).unwrap();
        let before = crate::egress::CONNECTIONS.load(Ordering::SeqCst);
        let t = Target { name: "Bot 的電腦".into(), place: Place::Box { dir: bot_dir(997) } };
        let (out, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"curl -sS -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' https://example.com"}"#, &t, &cancel, &RunIds::default());
        set_egress_via_mac(false).unwrap();
        println!("{out} via mac: {}", crate::egress::CONNECTIONS.load(Ordering::SeqCst) - before);
        assert!(ok && out.contains("200"), "{out}");
        assert!(crate::egress::CONNECTIONS.load(Ordering::SeqCst) > before);
    }

    /// `cargo test --release -- --ignored box_update_keeps_files --nocapture`
    #[test]
    #[ignore]
    fn box_update_keeps_files() {
        use crate::tools::{run_on, Place, RunIds, Target};
        let cancel = AtomicBool::new(false);
        let ids = RunIds::default();
        ensure_running().unwrap();
        let t = Target { name: "Bot 的電腦".into(), place: Place::Box { dir: bot_dir(998) } };
        let (o, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"echo keep-me > kept.txt && sudo apt-get update -qq >/dev/null 2>&1 && sudo apt-get install -y -qq cowsay >/dev/null 2>&1; ls /usr/games/cowsay","timeout_ms":180000}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        assert!(ok, "{o}");
        rebuild(Rebuild::Update).unwrap();
        assert!(rebuild(Rebuild::Reset).is_err(), "only one rebuild at a time");
        let start = Instant::now();
        while shared().lock().unwrap().rebuilding && start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(600) {
            std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
        }
        for l in log_lines() {
            println!("{l}");
        }
        assert!(run_state().is_running(), "{:?}", run_state());
        let (out, ok) = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"cat kept.txt; ls /usr/games/cowsay 2>&1 || echo no-cowsay; cat /etc/anybot/menu | head -1"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
        println!("{out}");
        assert!(ok && out.contains("keep-me") && out.contains("no-cowsay") && out.contains("Bot 的電腦"));
        let _ = run_on("shell", r#"{"command":"cd .. && rm -rf bot-998"}"#, &t, &cancel, &ids);
    }

    #[test]
    fn schedule_window_is_one_hour() {
        let t = |s: &str| chrono::NaiveTime::parse_from_str(s, "%H:%M").unwrap();
        assert!(in_schedule_window("03:00", t("03:00")));
        assert!(in_schedule_window("03:00", t("03:59")));
        assert!(!in_schedule_window("03:00", t("04:00")));
        assert!(!in_schedule_window("03:00", t("02:59")));
        assert!(in_schedule_window("23:30", t("00:10")));
        assert!(!in_schedule_window("bad", t("00:10")));
        assert_eq!(wanted_version(), "5");
    }

    #[test]
    fn wrapper_runs_as_the_bot_in_its_folder() {
        let w = exec_wrapper("/home/bot/bot-3", "ls -la", false, "");
        assert!(w.contains("exec -u bot"));
        assert!(w.contains(container()));
        assert!(w.contains("/home/bot/bot-3"));
    }
}