# Gateway E2E 測試指南 兩種測試風格並行(build tag: `e2e`,code 在 `test/e2e/`): | 風格 | 用途 | 對應指令 | |------|------|----------| | **Contract tests** | 單一 endpoint 驗 HTTP contract(請求 → 回應),可平行 | `make e2e-full` | | **Journeys**(k6 風格) | 多步驟 user flow,**共享狀態**、**任一步 fail 自動 skip 後續** | `make e2e-journey` | --- ## 我現在有哪些測試? ```bash make e2e-list ``` 會分兩節印出來: ``` ═══ Contract tests(make e2e-full)═══ ── Member ── [M-01 ] GET /api/v1/members/me 讀 profile(tenant/uid/status) [M-03/M-04] POST /me/verifications/email/{start,...} 業務 email OTP 申請 → 驗證 ── Permission ── [P-03~P-06] * /api/v1/permissions/roles 租戶角色 CRUD ═══ Journeys(make e2e-journey)═══ [J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天(已登入後完整 onboarding) (12 steps) ▶ [J-1.1] GET /me — 用 seed JWT 確認自己是 tenant_owner 且 status=active ▶ [J-1.2] PATCH /me — 更新 display_name ▶ [J-1.3] POST /me/verifications/email/start — 申請業務 email OTP ... [J-2] Tenant Admin 從零建立 qa_engineer 角色 → 指派 → 驗證 → 撤銷 (8 steps) [J-3] Session 生命週期(refresh → /me → logout → 舊 token 401) (4 steps) [J-4] 完整註冊 → 登入 → 看自己(需 ZITADEL,目前 stub) (5 steps) ⊘ [J-4.1] ... ``` > 新增 contract test → 在 `_test.go` func 開頭加 `e2eStep(t, "ID", "METHOD", "path", "中文")` > 新增 journey → 在 `journey_xxx_test.go` 用 `NewJourney(t, "J-x", "title")` + `j.Step("id", "desc", fn)`,`make e2e-list` 都會自動撈到 --- ## 一鍵完整測試(推薦) 從 **全新 Docker volume** 開始,依序:起 Mongo/Redis → 建 index → seed 資料 → 起 Gateway → 跑 E2E → **關閉並刪除 volume**。 ```bash cd gateway make e2e-full ``` 等同於: ```bash bash scripts/e2e-run.sh ``` 執行時看到的順序(每個 step 都會印 banner): ``` == [1/6] fresh docker compose(mongo + redis)== == [2/6] wait for healthcheck == ✔ mongo / redis healthy(4s) == [3/6] 建立 Mongo 索引(cmd/mongo-index)== == [4/6] seed tenant + member + permission + JWT(cmd/e2e-seed)== == [5/6] 啟動 Gateway(:18888)== E2E 環境服務 MongoDB 127.0.0.1:27017 database=gateway_e2e Redis 127.0.0.1:6379 OTP / Casbin policy / blacklist Gateway http://127.0.0.1:18888 health: /api/v1/health == [6/6] 跑 E2E(每個測試會印 ▶ [ID] METHOD path — 中文情境)== === RUN TestMember_GetMe member_test.go:19: ▶ [M-01] GET /api/v1/members/me — 讀 profile(tenant/uid/status) --- PASS: TestMember_GetMe (0.05s) === RUN TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow member_test.go:46: ▶ [M-03/M-04] POST /me/verifications/email/{start,confirm} — 業務 email OTP 申請 → 從 Redis 取碼 → 驗證 → email_verified=true --- PASS: TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow (0.21s) ... ✔ E2E OK ``` 成功時最後一行:`✔ E2E OK`。失敗會在 banner 之後直接顯示 testify 的 diff,能立刻對應到「哪個 ID 哪個情境壞掉」。 ### 流程圖 ```mermaid flowchart LR A[docker compose down -v] --> B[up mongo + redis] B --> C[cmd/mongo-index] C --> D[cmd/e2e-seed] D --> E[gateway :18888] E --> F[go test -tags=e2e] F --> G[stop gateway + down -v] ``` ### 其他指令 | 指令 | 用途 | |------|------| | `make e2e-list` | 列出所有 contract tests + journeys | | `make e2e-full` | 全新 docker → seed → 跑 contract tests → 關閉 | | `make e2e-journey` | 全新 docker → seed → 跑 journeys(k6 風格) → 關閉 | | `make e2e-up` | 起環境 + seed + Gateway,**不跑測試**(本機除錯) | | `make test-e2e` | 對已啟動的 Gateway 只跑 contract tests | | `make test-e2e-journey` | 對已啟動的 Gateway 只跑 journeys | | `make e2e-casbin` | 以 `Permission.Casbin.Enabled: true` 跑 RBAC reload / deny E2E | | `make e2e-down` | 停 Gateway + `docker compose down -v`(含 mailhog) | | `E2E_KEEP_DOCKER=1 make e2e-full` | 測完**保留** Docker(方便查 Mongo/Redis) | | `E2E_WITH_SMTP=1 make e2e-full` | 額外啟動 MailHog(http://localhost:8025) | ### E2E 專用設定 | 檔案 | 說明 | |------|------| | `test/e2e/fixtures/e2e.yaml` | Port **18888**、DB **gateway_e2e**、Notification mock、Casbin **關閉** | | `test/e2e/fixtures/e2e.casbin.yaml` | 同上,但 Casbin **開啟**,搭配 `make e2e-casbin` | | `test/e2e/fixtures/state.json` | seed 產生的 tenant / uid / JWT(gitignore,執行後生成) | --- ## Journeys(k6 風格 user flow) > 「我查看 /me 要先登入;要登入要先註冊」這種**狀態依賴**的測試。每個 journey > 是一條時間線:上一步的結果(token / challenge_id / role_id)餵下一步;**任何 > 一步 fail 都會自動 skip 後續**,避免被噪音 fail 蓋掉真正斷點。 ### 目前有的 journeys | ID | Journey | Steps | Test func | 備註 | |----|---------|------:|-----------|------| | **J-1** | Tenant Owner 入職第一天 | 12 | `TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding` | /me → PATCH → email verify → phone verify → TOTP 全鏈路 | | **J-2** | Tenant Admin 從零建立 qa_engineer 角色 → 指派 → 驗證 → 撤銷 | 8 | `TestJourney_TenantAdminCustomRole` | 含「no-role user 拿到新角色」二人視角驗證 | | **J-3** | Session 生命週期(refresh → /me → logout → 舊 token 401) | 4 | `TestZZZJourney_SessionLifecycle` | 會撤銷 JWT,故拆第二輪跑 | | **J-4** | 完整註冊 → 登入 → 看自己 | 5 (skip) | `TestJourney_FullRegistration` | **需 ZITADEL**,目前 stub;接 container 後改 `j.Step()` 就能跑 | ### 執行範例 ``` === RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding journey_owner_test.go:20: ▶ [J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天(已登入後完整 onboarding) === RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.1_GET_/me_... journey.go:54: ▶ [J-1.1] GET /me — 用 seed JWT 確認自己是 tenant_owner 且 status=active --- PASS: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.1_... (0.00s) ... journey.go:85: ✔ [J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天(已登入後完整 onboarding) — 12/12 steps executed --- PASS: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding (0.57s) ``` 失敗時: ``` === RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.4_POST_..._confirm_... journey.go:54: ▶ [J-1.4] POST /me/verifications/email/confirm — 從 Redis 取碼後驗證 require.go:223: Error Trace: ... Error: Not equal: expected 102000, got 29202005 journey.go:65: ✗ [J-1.4] FAIL — aborting remaining steps --- FAIL: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.4_... (0.10s) === RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.5_GET_/me_... journey.go:50: ⊘ [J-1.5] skipped — journey aborted at an earlier step --- SKIP: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.5_... (0.00s) [J-1.6 ... J-1.12 全 SKIP] journey.go:85: ✗ [J-1] ... — 4/12 steps executed ``` ### 寫新 journey ```go func TestJourney_PaymentFlow(t *testing.T) { j := NewJourney(t, "J-5", "下單 → 付款 → 收據") defer j.Summary() c := NewClient(t) var orderID, paymentID string j.Step("1", "POST /orders — 建立訂單", func(t *testing.T) { env := c.DoExpectOK(t, "POST", "/api/v1/orders", body, true) orderID = parseOrderID(t, env.Data) require.NotEmpty(t, orderID) }) j.Step("2", "POST /orders/:id/pay — 付款", func(t *testing.T) { require.NotEmpty(t, orderID) env := c.DoExpectOK(t, "POST", "/api/v1/orders/"+orderID+"/pay", nil, true) paymentID = parsePaymentID(t, env.Data) }) j.Step("3", "GET /payments/:id/receipt — 確認收據", func(t *testing.T) { require.NotEmpty(t, paymentID) c.DoExpectOK(t, "GET", "/api/v1/payments/"+paymentID+"/receipt", nil, true) }) // 需要外部服務的步驟用 SkipStep(journey 不算 fail) j.SkipStep("4", "POST 對接金流 webhook", "需 mock 金流 sandbox") } ``` `NewJourney` / `j.Step` 在 `test/e2e/journey.go`;不要呼叫 `t.Parallel()`,journey 需要時間序。 --- ## 測試覆蓋矩陣(contract tests,一目瞭然) 圖例:**✅ 自動 E2E** · **⏭ 需 ZITADEL / 手動** · **🔧 基礎設施** ### 基礎設施 | ID | 情境 | 自動 | 測試檔 | |----|------|:----:|--------| | INF-01 | Mongo + Redis docker healthy | ✅ | `scripts/e2e-run.sh` | | INF-02 | 全模組 Mongo index | ✅ | `cmd/mongo-index` | | INF-03 | E2E tenant + member + permission + JWT seed | ✅ | `cmd/e2e-seed` | | INF-04 | Gateway 監聽 :18888 | ✅ | `scripts/e2e-run.sh` | ### Normal | ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 | |----|--------|------|------|:----:|------| | N-01 | GET | `/api/v1/health` | Ping 200 | ✅ | `TestHealth_Ping` | | N-02 | GET | `/api/v1/health` | 無需 Bearer | ✅ | `TestHealth_NoAuthRequired` | ### Auth(`/api/v1/auth`) | ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 / 備註 | |----|--------|------|------|:----:|-------------| | A-01 | POST | `/register` | Email 註冊 | ⏭ | 需 **ZITADEL** + invite | | A-02 | POST | `/register/confirm` | OTP 確認 | ⏭ | 同上 | | A-03 | POST | `/register/resend` | 重發 OTP | ⏭ | 同上 | | A-04 | POST | `/register/social/start` | 社交註冊 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL OAuth | | A-05 | GET | `/register/social/callback` | 社交註冊 callback | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL | | A-06 | POST | `/login` | 密碼登入 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL ROPG | | A-07 | POST | `/login/social/start` | 社交登入 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL | | A-08 | GET | `/login/social/callback` | 社交登入 callback | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL | | A-09 | POST | `/token/exchange` | id_token 換 JWT | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL | | A-10 | POST | `/token/refresh` | 刷新 token | ✅ | `TestZZZ_AuthTokenRefreshAndLogout`(最後跑) | | A-11 | POST | `/logout` | 登出黑名單 jti | ✅ | 同上(同一測試內連續驗證) | | A-12 | GET | `/members/me`(無 Bearer) | 401 | ✅ | `TestAuth_MissingBearer_401` | | A-13 | POST | `/register`、`/login`、`/token/refresh`、`/login/social/start` | 公開 Auth validation 400 | ✅ | `TestAuth_PublicValidationErrors`(不需 ZITADEL) | > E2E 透過 `cmd/e2e-seed` 直接核發 JWT,不走 ZITADEL,因此 A-01~A-09 列為手動/staging 測試。 ### Member(`/api/v1/members`,需 Bearer) | ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 | |----|--------|------|------|:----:|------| | M-01 | GET | `/me` | 讀 profile | ✅ | `TestMember_GetMe` | | M-02 | PATCH | `/me` | 更新 display_name | ✅ | `TestMember_UpdateMe` | | M-03 | POST | `/me/verifications/email/start` | 發起 email OTP | ✅ | `TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow` | | M-04 | POST | `/me/verifications/email/confirm` | 確認 email OTP | ✅ | 同上(`GATEWAY_E2E=1` 從 Redis 取碼) | | M-05 | POST | `/me/verifications/phone/start` | 發起 phone OTP | ✅ | `TestMember_PhoneVerification_FullFlow` | | M-06 | POST | `/me/verifications/phone/confirm` | 確認 phone OTP | ✅ | 同上(`GATEWAY_E2E=1` 從 Redis 取碼) | | M-07 | GET | `/me/totp` | TOTP 狀態 | ✅ | `TestMember_TOTP_Status` | | M-08 | POST | `/me/totp/enroll-start` | 開始綁定 | ✅ | `TestMember_TOTP_FullFlow`(解析 `otpauth_url`) | | M-09 | POST | `/me/totp/enroll-confirm` | 確認綁定 | ✅ | 同上 | | M-10 | POST | `/me/totp/verify` | Step-up 驗碼 + replay 防護 | ✅ | 同上 | | M-11 | DELETE | `/me/totp` | 解除綁定 | ✅ | 同上 | | M-12 | POST | `/me/totp/backup-codes` | 重產備援碼 | ✅ | 同上 | ### Permission(`/api/v1/permissions`,需 Bearer) | ID | Method | Path | Middleware | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 | |----|--------|------|------------|------|:----:|------| | P-01 | GET | `/catalog` | AuthJWT | 權限樹 | ✅ | `TestPermission_Catalog` | | P-02 | GET | `/me` | AuthJWT | 當前 user 權限 | ✅ | `TestPermission_Me` | | P-03 | GET | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 列角色 | ✅ | `TestPermission_RoleCRUD` | | P-04 | POST | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 建角色 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-05 | PATCH | `/roles/:id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 更新角色 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-06 | DELETE | `/roles/:id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 刪角色 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-07 | GET | `/roles/:id/permissions` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 讀角色權限 | ✅ | `TestPermission_RolePermissions` | | P-08 | PUT | `/roles/:id/permissions` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 取代角色權限 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-09 | GET | `/users/:uid/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 列 user 角色 | ✅ | `TestPermission_AssignUserRole` | | P-10 | POST | `/users/:uid/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 指派角色 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-11 | DELETE | `/users/:uid/roles/:role_id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 撤銷角色 | ✅ | 同上 | | P-12 | GET/PUT/DELETE | `/role-mappings` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 外部映射 CRUD | ✅ | `TestPermission_RoleMappingCRUD` | | P-13 | POST | `/policy/reload` | AuthJWT+Casbin | 重載 policy | ✅ | `TestPermission_CasbinRBAC`(`make e2e-casbin`) | | P-14 | GET | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin | no-role user RBAC denied 403 | ✅ | 同上 | \* 預設 `make e2e-full` 使用 `Permission.Casbin.Enabled: false`,Casbin middleware **放行**(rbac=nil passthrough)。`make e2e-casbin` 會改用 `e2e.casbin.yaml`,並額外驗證 policy reload 與 no-role 403。 ### Notification(無 HTTP API) | ID | 情境 | 自動 | 備註 | |----|------|:----:|------| | NT-01 | 同步 Send(mock email) | 🔧 | `make notify-test METHOD=email-send MOCK=1` | | NT-02 | 異步 Enqueue + Worker | 🔧 | `make notify-test METHOD=email-enqueue MOCK=1` | | NT-03 | Member email OTP 寄送 | ✅ | 含在 M-03/M-04(mock provider) | --- ## 統計摘要 | 類別 | 自動 E2E | 待擴充 / 手動 | |------|:--------:|:-------------:| | Normal | 2 | 0 | | Auth | 4 | 9(ZITADEL) | | Member | 12 | 0 | | Permission | 14 | 0 | | **合計** | **32** | **9** | > Auth refresh/logout 會撤銷 JWT,因此腳本分兩輪跑:`member/permission` 先用 seed token,最後才跑 `TestZZZ_AuthTokenRefreshAndLogout`。 --- ## 手動 / 延伸測試 ### Auth 全链路(需 ZITADEL) 1. 設定 `etc/gateway.dev.yaml` 的 `Zitadel.*` 2. `make deps-up && make run-dev` 3. 依 [`docs/auth-unified-registration.md`](./auth-unified-registration.md) 跑 register → confirm → login ### TOTP 互動測試 ```bash make deps-up make totp-test STEP=flow ``` ### Notification 見 [`docs/notification-testing.md`](notification-testing.md)。 --- ## 環境變數 | 變數 | 預設 | 說明 | |------|------|------| | `GATEWAY_E2E` | `1`(腳本內) | 開啟 OTP 寫入 Redis `e2e:otp:{challenge_id}` | | `E2E_STATE_FILE` | `test/e2e/fixtures/state.json` | seed 輸出路徑 | | `E2E_BASE_URL` | `http://127.0.0.1:18888` | 覆寫 Gateway URL | | `E2E_KEEP_DOCKER` | — | `1` = 測完不 down -v | | `E2E_WITH_SMTP` | — | `1` = 額外啟動 MailHog(profile=smtp) | | `GATEWAY_PORT` | `18888` | health check 用 | | `E2E_ROLE` | `tenant_owner` | 覆寫 seed 指派給主測試使用者的 system role | | `E2E_TEST_PATTERN` | `Test(Auth_\|Health\|Member\|Permission)` | 覆寫第一輪 `go test -run` pattern | | `E2E_CASBIN` | — | `1` = 執行 Casbin 專用 assertion(`make e2e-casbin` 已設定) | --- ## 目錄結構 ``` gateway/ ├── cmd/e2e-seed/ # E2E 資料 + JWT seed ├── scripts/ │ ├── e2e-lib.sh # 共用 bash helper(顏色 / step banner / gateway lifecycle) │ ├── e2e-run.sh # 一鍵完整流程 │ ├── e2e-up.sh # 只起環境 │ ├── e2e-down.sh # 關閉 │ └── e2e-list.sh # 列出所有測試(make e2e-list) ├── test/e2e/ │ ├── fixtures/ │ │ ├── e2e.yaml # E2E 設定 │ │ ├── e2e.casbin.yaml # Casbin enabled E2E 設定 │ │ └── state.json # 生成(gitignore) │ ├── client.go # HTTP helper │ ├── setup_test.go # TestMain + e2eStep banner helper │ ├── journey.go # Journey 框架(NewJourney + Step + SkipStep) │ ├── {health,auth,member,permission}_test.go # contract tests │ └── journey_{owner,rbac,session,registration}_test.go # journeys └── docs/e2e-testing.md # 本文件 ``` --- ## CI 建議 ```yaml # 範例 GitHub Actions job - name: E2E contract run: make e2e-full working-directory: gateway - name: E2E journeys run: make e2e-journey working-directory: gateway - name: E2E Casbin run: make e2e-casbin working-directory: gateway ``` PR 門檻:`make check`(unit)+ `make e2e-full`(contract)+ `make e2e-journey`(user flow)+ `make e2e-casbin`(RBAC enforcement)。 --- ## 常見問題 **Q: `missing e2e otp for challenge`** A: Gateway 必須以 `GATEWAY_E2E=1` 啟動(`e2e-run.sh` 已設定)。 **Q: `connection refused :18888`** A: 先 `make e2e-up` 或確認沒有其他 process 佔用 18888。 **Q: 跑完 `make e2e-full` 後 Gateway 還在 :18888?** A: 舊版用 `go run` 背景跑,`kill $!` 只殺 wrapper、子行程會留著。現已改為編譯 `.cache/e2e-gateway` 再啟動,cleanup 會依 **pid 檔 + port + orphan** 三層關閉。若仍有殘留: ```bash make e2e-down # 或 lsof -ti tcp:18888 | xargs kill -9 ``` **Q: 與 `make run-dev`(:8888)衝突?** A: E2E 固定用 **18888** + **gateway_e2e** DB,互不影響。 **Q: 如何只跑單一測試?** ```bash make e2e-up GATEWAY_E2E=1 go test -tags=e2e -v -count=1 ./test/e2e/ -run TestMember_GetMe make e2e-down ```