425 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
425 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# Gateway E2E 測試指南
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兩種測試風格並行（build tag: `e2e`，code 在 `test/e2e/`）：
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| 風格 | 用途 | 對應指令 |
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|------|------|----------|
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| **Contract tests** | 單一 endpoint 驗 HTTP contract（請求 → 回應），可平行 | `make e2e-full` |
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| **Journeys**（k6 風格） | 多步驟 user flow，**共享狀態**、**任一步 fail 自動 skip 後續** | `make e2e-journey` |
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---
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## 我現在有哪些測試？
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```bash
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make e2e-list
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```
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會分兩節印出來：
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```
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═══ Contract tests（make e2e-full）═══
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── Member ──
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[M-01 ] GET /api/v1/members/me 讀 profile（tenant/uid/status）
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[M-03/M-04] POST /me/verifications/email/{start,...} 業務 email OTP 申請 → 驗證
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── Permission ──
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[P-03~P-06] * /api/v1/permissions/roles 租戶角色 CRUD
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═══ Journeys（make e2e-journey）═══
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[J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天（已登入後完整 onboarding） (12 steps)
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▶ [J-1.1] GET /me — 用 seed JWT 確認自己是 tenant_owner 且 status=active
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▶ [J-1.2] PATCH /me — 更新 display_name
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▶ [J-1.3] POST /me/verifications/email/start — 申請業務 email OTP
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...
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[J-2] Tenant Admin 從零建立 qa_engineer 角色 → 指派 → 驗證 → 撤銷 (8 steps)
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[J-3] Session 生命週期（refresh → /me → logout → 舊 token 401） (4 steps)
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[J-4] 完整註冊 → 登入 → 看自己（需 ZITADEL，目前 stub） (5 steps)
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⊘ [J-4.1] ...
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```
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> 新增 contract test → 在 `_test.go` func 開頭加 `e2eStep(t, "ID", "METHOD", "path", "中文")`
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> 新增 journey → 在 `journey_xxx_test.go` 用 `NewJourney(t, "J-x", "title")` + `j.Step("id", "desc", fn)`，`make e2e-list` 都會自動撈到
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---
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## 一鍵完整測試（推薦）
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從 **全新 Docker volume** 開始，依序：起 Mongo/Redis → 建 index → seed 資料 → 起 Gateway → 跑 E2E → **關閉並刪除 volume**。
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```bash
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cd gateway
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make e2e-full
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```
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等同於：
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```bash
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bash scripts/e2e-run.sh
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```
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執行時看到的順序（每個 step 都會印 banner）：
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```
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== [1/6] fresh docker compose（mongo + redis）==
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== [2/6] wait for healthcheck ==
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✔ mongo / redis healthy（4s）
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== [3/6] 建立 Mongo 索引（cmd/mongo-index）==
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== [4/6] seed tenant + member + permission + JWT（cmd/e2e-seed）==
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== [5/6] 啟動 Gateway（:18888）==
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E2E 環境服務
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MongoDB 127.0.0.1:27017 database=gateway_e2e
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Redis 127.0.0.1:6379 OTP / Casbin policy / blacklist
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Gateway http://127.0.0.1:18888 health: /api/v1/health
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== [6/6] 跑 E2E（每個測試會印 ▶ [ID] METHOD path — 中文情境）==
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=== RUN TestMember_GetMe
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member_test.go:19: ▶ [M-01] GET /api/v1/members/me — 讀 profile（tenant/uid/status）
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--- PASS: TestMember_GetMe (0.05s)
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=== RUN TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow
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member_test.go:46: ▶ [M-03/M-04] POST /me/verifications/email/{start,confirm} — 業務 email OTP 申請 → 從 Redis 取碼 → 驗證 → email_verified=true
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--- PASS: TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow (0.21s)
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...
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✔ E2E OK
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```
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成功時最後一行：`✔ E2E OK`。失敗會在 banner 之後直接顯示 testify 的 diff，能立刻對應到「哪個 ID 哪個情境壞掉」。
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### 流程圖
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```mermaid
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flowchart LR
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A[docker compose down -v] --> B[up mongo + redis]
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B --> C[cmd/mongo-index]
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C --> D[cmd/e2e-seed]
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D --> E[gateway :18888]
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E --> F[go test -tags=e2e]
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F --> G[stop gateway + down -v]
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```
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### 其他指令
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| 指令 | 用途 |
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|------|------|
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| `make e2e-list` | 列出所有 contract tests + journeys |
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| `make e2e-full` | 全新 docker → seed → 跑 contract tests → 關閉 |
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| `make e2e-journey` | 全新 docker → seed → 跑 journeys（k6 風格） → 關閉 |
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| `make e2e-up` | 起環境 + seed + Gateway，**不跑測試**（本機除錯） |
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| `make test-e2e` | 對已啟動的 Gateway 只跑 contract tests |
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| `make test-e2e-journey` | 對已啟動的 Gateway 只跑 journeys |
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| `make e2e-casbin` | 以 `Permission.Casbin.Enabled: true` 跑 RBAC reload / deny E2E |
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| `make e2e-down` | 停 Gateway + `docker compose down -v`（含 mailhog） |
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| `E2E_KEEP_DOCKER=1 make e2e-full` | 測完**保留** Docker（方便查 Mongo/Redis） |
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| `E2E_WITH_SMTP=1 make e2e-full` | 額外啟動 MailHog（http://localhost:8025） |
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### E2E 專用設定
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| 檔案 | 說明 |
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|------|------|
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| `test/e2e/fixtures/e2e.yaml` | Port **18888**、DB **gateway_e2e**、Notification mock、Casbin **關閉** |
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| `test/e2e/fixtures/e2e.casbin.yaml` | 同上，但 Casbin **開啟**，搭配 `make e2e-casbin` |
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| `test/e2e/fixtures/state.json` | seed 產生的 tenant / uid / JWT（gitignore，執行後生成） |
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---
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## Journeys（k6 風格 user flow）
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> 「我查看 /me 要先登入；要登入要先註冊」這種**狀態依賴**的測試。每個 journey
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> 是一條時間線：上一步的結果（token / challenge_id / role_id）餵下一步；**任何
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> 一步 fail 都會自動 skip 後續**，避免被噪音 fail 蓋掉真正斷點。
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### 目前有的 journeys
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| ID | Journey | Steps | Test func | 備註 |
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|----|---------|------:|-----------|------|
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| **J-1** | Tenant Owner 入職第一天 | 12 | `TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding` | /me → PATCH → email verify → phone verify → TOTP 全鏈路 |
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| **J-2** | Tenant Admin 從零建立 qa_engineer 角色 → 指派 → 驗證 → 撤銷 | 8 | `TestJourney_TenantAdminCustomRole` | 含「no-role user 拿到新角色」二人視角驗證 |
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| **J-3** | Session 生命週期（refresh → /me → logout → 舊 token 401） | 4 | `TestZZZJourney_SessionLifecycle` | 會撤銷 JWT，故拆第二輪跑 |
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| **J-4** | 完整註冊 → 登入 → 看自己 | 5 (skip) | `TestJourney_FullRegistration` | **需 ZITADEL**，目前 stub；接 container 後改 `j.Step()` 就能跑 |
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### 執行範例
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```
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=== RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding
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journey_owner_test.go:20: ▶ [J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天（已登入後完整 onboarding）
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=== RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.1_GET_/me_...
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journey.go:54: ▶ [J-1.1] GET /me — 用 seed JWT 確認自己是 tenant_owner 且 status=active
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--- PASS: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.1_... (0.00s)
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...
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journey.go:85: ✔ [J-1] Tenant Owner 入職第一天（已登入後完整 onboarding） — 12/12 steps executed
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--- PASS: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding (0.57s)
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```
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失敗時：
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```
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=== RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.4_POST_..._confirm_...
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journey.go:54: ▶ [J-1.4] POST /me/verifications/email/confirm — 從 Redis 取碼後驗證
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require.go:223:
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Error Trace: ...
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Error: Not equal: expected 102000, got 29202005
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journey.go:65: ✗ [J-1.4] FAIL — aborting remaining steps
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--- FAIL: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.4_... (0.10s)
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=== RUN TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.5_GET_/me_...
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journey.go:50: ⊘ [J-1.5] skipped — journey aborted at an earlier step
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--- SKIP: TestJourney_OwnerOnboarding/J-1.5_... (0.00s)
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[J-1.6 ... J-1.12 全 SKIP]
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journey.go:85: ✗ [J-1] ... — 4/12 steps executed
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```
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### 寫新 journey
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```go
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func TestJourney_PaymentFlow(t *testing.T) {
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j := NewJourney(t, "J-5", "下單 → 付款 → 收據")
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defer j.Summary()
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c := NewClient(t)
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var orderID, paymentID string
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j.Step("1", "POST /orders — 建立訂單", func(t *testing.T) {
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env := c.DoExpectOK(t, "POST", "/api/v1/orders", body, true)
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orderID = parseOrderID(t, env.Data)
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require.NotEmpty(t, orderID)
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})
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j.Step("2", "POST /orders/:id/pay — 付款", func(t *testing.T) {
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require.NotEmpty(t, orderID)
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env := c.DoExpectOK(t, "POST", "/api/v1/orders/"+orderID+"/pay", nil, true)
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paymentID = parsePaymentID(t, env.Data)
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})
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j.Step("3", "GET /payments/:id/receipt — 確認收據", func(t *testing.T) {
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require.NotEmpty(t, paymentID)
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c.DoExpectOK(t, "GET", "/api/v1/payments/"+paymentID+"/receipt", nil, true)
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})
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// 需要外部服務的步驟用 SkipStep（journey 不算 fail）
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j.SkipStep("4", "POST 對接金流 webhook", "需 mock 金流 sandbox")
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}
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```
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`NewJourney` / `j.Step` 在 `test/e2e/journey.go`；不要呼叫 `t.Parallel()`，journey 需要時間序。
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---
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## 測試覆蓋矩陣（contract tests，一目瞭然）
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圖例：**✅ 自動 E2E** · **⏭ 需 ZITADEL / 手動** · **🔧 基礎設施**
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### 基礎設施
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| ID | 情境 | 自動 | 測試檔 |
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|----|------|:----:|--------|
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| INF-01 | Mongo + Redis docker healthy | ✅ | `scripts/e2e-run.sh` |
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| INF-02 | 全模組 Mongo index | ✅ | `cmd/mongo-index` |
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| INF-03 | E2E tenant + member + permission + JWT seed | ✅ | `cmd/e2e-seed` |
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| INF-04 | Gateway 監聽 :18888 | ✅ | `scripts/e2e-run.sh` |
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### Normal
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| ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 |
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|----|--------|------|------|:----:|------|
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| N-01 | GET | `/api/v1/health` | Ping 200 | ✅ | `TestHealth_Ping` |
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| N-02 | GET | `/api/v1/health` | 無需 Bearer | ✅ | `TestHealth_NoAuthRequired` |
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### Auth（`/api/v1/auth`）
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| ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 / 備註 |
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|----|--------|------|------|:----:|-------------|
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| A-01 | POST | `/register` | Email 註冊 | ⏭ | 需 **ZITADEL** + invite |
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| A-02 | POST | `/register/confirm` | OTP 確認 | ⏭ | 同上 |
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| A-03 | POST | `/register/resend` | 重發 OTP | ⏭ | 同上 |
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| A-04 | POST | `/register/social/start` | 社交註冊 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL OAuth |
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| A-05 | GET | `/register/social/callback` | 社交註冊 callback | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL |
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| A-06 | POST | `/login` | 密碼登入 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL ROPG |
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| A-07 | POST | `/login/social/start` | 社交登入 | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL |
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| A-08 | GET | `/login/social/callback` | 社交登入 callback | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL |
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| A-09 | POST | `/token/exchange` | id_token 換 JWT | ⏭ | 需 ZITADEL |
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| A-10 | POST | `/token/refresh` | 刷新 token | ✅ | `TestZZZ_AuthTokenRefreshAndLogout`（最後跑） |
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| A-11 | POST | `/logout` | 登出黑名單 jti | ✅ | 同上（同一測試內連續驗證） |
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| A-12 | GET | `/members/me`（無 Bearer） | 401 | ✅ | `TestAuth_MissingBearer_401` |
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| A-13 | POST | `/register`、`/login`、`/token/refresh`、`/login/social/start` | 公開 Auth validation 400 | ✅ | `TestAuth_PublicValidationErrors`（不需 ZITADEL） |
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> E2E 透過 `cmd/e2e-seed` 直接核發 JWT，不走 ZITADEL，因此 A-01～A-09 列為手動／staging 測試。
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### Member（`/api/v1/members`，需 Bearer）
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| ID | Method | Path | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 |
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|----|--------|------|------|:----:|------|
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| M-01 | GET | `/me` | 讀 profile | ✅ | `TestMember_GetMe` |
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| M-02 | PATCH | `/me` | 更新 display_name | ✅ | `TestMember_UpdateMe` |
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| M-03 | POST | `/me/verifications/email/start` | 發起 email OTP | ✅ | `TestMember_EmailVerification_FullFlow` |
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| M-04 | POST | `/me/verifications/email/confirm` | 確認 email OTP | ✅ | 同上（`GATEWAY_E2E=1` 從 Redis 取碼） |
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| M-05 | POST | `/me/verifications/phone/start` | 發起 phone OTP | ✅ | `TestMember_PhoneVerification_FullFlow` |
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| M-06 | POST | `/me/verifications/phone/confirm` | 確認 phone OTP | ✅ | 同上（`GATEWAY_E2E=1` 從 Redis 取碼） |
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| M-07 | GET | `/me/totp` | TOTP 狀態 | ✅ | `TestMember_TOTP_Status` |
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| M-08 | POST | `/me/totp/enroll-start` | 開始綁定 | ✅ | `TestMember_TOTP_FullFlow`（解析 `otpauth_url`） |
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| M-09 | POST | `/me/totp/enroll-confirm` | 確認綁定 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| M-10 | POST | `/me/totp/verify` | Step-up 驗碼 + replay 防護 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| M-11 | DELETE | `/me/totp` | 解除綁定 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| M-12 | POST | `/me/totp/backup-codes` | 重產備援碼 | ✅ | 同上 |
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### Permission（`/api/v1/permissions`，需 Bearer）
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| ID | Method | Path | Middleware | 情境 | 自動 | 測試 |
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|----|--------|------|------------|------|:----:|------|
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| P-01 | GET | `/catalog` | AuthJWT | 權限樹 | ✅ | `TestPermission_Catalog` |
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| P-02 | GET | `/me` | AuthJWT | 當前 user 權限 | ✅ | `TestPermission_Me` |
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| P-03 | GET | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 列角色 | ✅ | `TestPermission_RoleCRUD` |
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| P-04 | POST | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 建角色 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-05 | PATCH | `/roles/:id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 更新角色 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-06 | DELETE | `/roles/:id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 刪角色 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-07 | GET | `/roles/:id/permissions` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 讀角色權限 | ✅ | `TestPermission_RolePermissions` |
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| P-08 | PUT | `/roles/:id/permissions` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 取代角色權限 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-09 | GET | `/users/:uid/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 列 user 角色 | ✅ | `TestPermission_AssignUserRole` |
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| P-10 | POST | `/users/:uid/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 指派角色 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-11 | DELETE | `/users/:uid/roles/:role_id` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 撤銷角色 | ✅ | 同上 |
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| P-12 | GET/PUT/DELETE | `/role-mappings` | AuthJWT+Casbin* | 外部映射 CRUD | ✅ | `TestPermission_RoleMappingCRUD` |
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| P-13 | POST | `/policy/reload` | AuthJWT+Casbin | 重載 policy | ✅ | `TestPermission_CasbinRBAC`（`make e2e-casbin`） |
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| P-14 | GET | `/roles` | AuthJWT+Casbin | no-role user RBAC denied 403 | ✅ | 同上 |
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\* 預設 `make e2e-full` 使用 `Permission.Casbin.Enabled: false`，Casbin middleware **放行**（rbac=nil passthrough）。`make e2e-casbin` 會改用 `e2e.casbin.yaml`，並額外驗證 policy reload 與 no-role 403。
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### Notification（無 HTTP API）
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| ID | 情境 | 自動 | 備註 |
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|----|------|:----:|------|
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| NT-01 | 同步 Send（mock email） | 🔧 | `make notify-test METHOD=email-send MOCK=1` |
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| NT-02 | 異步 Enqueue + Worker | 🔧 | `make notify-test METHOD=email-enqueue MOCK=1` |
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| NT-03 | Member email OTP 寄送 | ✅ | 含在 M-03/M-04（mock provider） |
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---
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## 統計摘要
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| 類別 | 自動 E2E | 待擴充 / 手動 |
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|------|:--------:|:-------------:|
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| Normal | 2 | 0 |
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| Auth | 4 | 9（ZITADEL） |
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| Member | 12 | 0 |
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| Permission | 14 | 0 |
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| **合計** | **32** | **9** |
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> Auth refresh/logout 會撤銷 JWT，因此腳本分兩輪跑：`member/permission` 先用 seed token，最後才跑 `TestZZZ_AuthTokenRefreshAndLogout`。
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||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 手動 / 延伸測試
|
||
|
||
### Auth 全链路（需 ZITADEL）
|
||
|
||
1. 設定 `etc/gateway.dev.yaml` 的 `Zitadel.*`
|
||
2. `make deps-up && make run-dev`
|
||
3. 依 [`docs/auth-unified-registration.md`](./auth-unified-registration.md) 跑 register → confirm → login
|
||
|
||
### TOTP 互動測試
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
make deps-up
|
||
make totp-test STEP=flow
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Notification
|
||
|
||
見 [`docs/notification-testing.md`](notification-testing.md)。
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 環境變數
|
||
|
||
| 變數 | 預設 | 說明 |
|
||
|------|------|------|
|
||
| `GATEWAY_E2E` | `1`（腳本內） | 開啟 OTP 寫入 Redis `e2e:otp:{challenge_id}` |
|
||
| `E2E_STATE_FILE` | `test/e2e/fixtures/state.json` | seed 輸出路徑 |
|
||
| `E2E_BASE_URL` | `http://127.0.0.1:18888` | 覆寫 Gateway URL |
|
||
| `E2E_KEEP_DOCKER` | — | `1` = 測完不 down -v |
|
||
| `E2E_WITH_SMTP` | — | `1` = 額外啟動 MailHog（profile=smtp） |
|
||
| `GATEWAY_PORT` | `18888` | health check 用 |
|
||
| `E2E_ROLE` | `tenant_owner` | 覆寫 seed 指派給主測試使用者的 system role |
|
||
| `E2E_TEST_PATTERN` | `Test(Auth_\|Health\|Member\|Permission)` | 覆寫第一輪 `go test -run` pattern |
|
||
| `E2E_CASBIN` | — | `1` = 執行 Casbin 專用 assertion（`make e2e-casbin` 已設定） |
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 目錄結構
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
gateway/
|
||
├── cmd/e2e-seed/ # E2E 資料 + JWT seed
|
||
├── scripts/
|
||
│ ├── e2e-lib.sh # 共用 bash helper（顏色 / step banner / gateway lifecycle）
|
||
│ ├── e2e-run.sh # 一鍵完整流程
|
||
│ ├── e2e-up.sh # 只起環境
|
||
│ ├── e2e-down.sh # 關閉
|
||
│ └── e2e-list.sh # 列出所有測試（make e2e-list）
|
||
├── test/e2e/
|
||
│ ├── fixtures/
|
||
│ │ ├── e2e.yaml # E2E 設定
|
||
│ │ ├── e2e.casbin.yaml # Casbin enabled E2E 設定
|
||
│ │ └── state.json # 生成（gitignore）
|
||
│ ├── client.go # HTTP helper
|
||
│ ├── setup_test.go # TestMain + e2eStep banner helper
|
||
│ ├── journey.go # Journey 框架（NewJourney + Step + SkipStep）
|
||
│ ├── {health,auth,member,permission}_test.go # contract tests
|
||
│ └── journey_{owner,rbac,session,registration}_test.go # journeys
|
||
└── docs/e2e-testing.md # 本文件
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## CI 建議
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# 範例 GitHub Actions job
|
||
- name: E2E contract
|
||
run: make e2e-full
|
||
working-directory: gateway
|
||
|
||
- name: E2E journeys
|
||
run: make e2e-journey
|
||
working-directory: gateway
|
||
|
||
- name: E2E Casbin
|
||
run: make e2e-casbin
|
||
working-directory: gateway
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
PR 門檻：`make check`（unit）+ `make e2e-full`（contract）+ `make e2e-journey`（user flow）+ `make e2e-casbin`（RBAC enforcement）。
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 常見問題
|
||
|
||
**Q: `missing e2e otp for challenge`**
|
||
|
||
A: Gateway 必須以 `GATEWAY_E2E=1` 啟動（`e2e-run.sh` 已設定）。
|
||
|
||
**Q: `connection refused :18888`**
|
||
|
||
A: 先 `make e2e-up` 或確認沒有其他 process 佔用 18888。
|
||
|
||
**Q: 跑完 `make e2e-full` 後 Gateway 還在 :18888？**
|
||
|
||
A: 舊版用 `go run` 背景跑，`kill $!` 只殺 wrapper、子行程會留著。現已改為編譯 `.cache/e2e-gateway` 再啟動，cleanup 會依 **pid 檔 + port + orphan** 三層關閉。若仍有殘留：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
make e2e-down
|
||
# 或
|
||
lsof -ti tcp:18888 | xargs kill -9
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**Q: 與 `make run-dev`（:8888）衝突？**
|
||
|
||
A: E2E 固定用 **18888** + **gateway_e2e** DB，互不影響。
|
||
|
||
**Q: 如何只跑單一測試？**
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
make e2e-up
|
||
GATEWAY_E2E=1 go test -tags=e2e -v -count=1 ./test/e2e/ -run TestMember_GetMe
|
||
make e2e-down
|
||
```
|